Terrorist Crimes Committed by the Kiev Regime (Report of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation)

This Report on terrorist crimes committed by the Kiev regime in the period from 2022 throughout the first half of 2024 has been prepared by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation. The document, which summarizes materials made public by the Russian competent authorities, public organizations, journalists and independent experts, seeks to systemize facts on terrorist manifestations on the part of the Kiev regime, which makes no secret that it has made it a daily routine to carry out illegal attacks on Russian civilian facilities and civilians.

The report is a logical follow-up to many years of efforts of the Russian MFA to make the broader international community aware of the atrocities committed by the Ukrainian armed formations, special services, nationalist structures and terrorist organizations participating in the conflict on the side of the Armed Forces of Ukraine (AFU). This document contains data on the Kiev regime's involvement in organizing hundreds of attacks committed with a view to provoking maximal public outcry and split our country, discredit the authorities, instill an atmosphere of mass fear and panic, incite ethnic discord, xenophobia and nationalism in the Russian society.

The report's special focus is on the most high-profile terrorist acts against Russian political and public figures and media staff organized and carried out by the Kiev regime in the reported period, certain aspects of the financing of these activities, the use of terrorist and other prohibited means and methods of warfare by Ukraine, the link between Ukraine's military and political leadership and international terrorist organizations.

1. Introduction

Terrorism as a method of warfare has long been used by the Kiev regime, which is not hiding its interest in carrying out terrorist acts. In fact, such methods have been adopted by Ukraine as state policy tool.

Subversive terrorist acts are increasingly used by the AFU to feed panic and defeatist sentiment in the Russian society, intimidate civilian population, destabilize the government authorities, and cause damage to civilian and industrial infrastructure.

Such actions contribute to increased risks, as perpetrators are not just one terrorist or separate terrorist organizations, but regular army units, which in addition rely on international political, economic, military, military-technical and information support. In Ukraine, this is manifested most vividly, since not only does the "collective West" provide the Kiev regime with up-to-date offensive weapons, but it openly gives it carte blanche to use it for subversive terrorist acts in the territory of Russia.

Since the beginning of the special military operation (SMO) in Ukraine by the Armed Forces of Russia, terrorist activities of the Ukrainian armed formations, including foreign mercenaries, special services, nationalist structures and terrorist organizations has grown unprecedently inhumane and brutal in nature.

Furthermore, the "classical" ways to perform subversive terrorist acts, i.e. explosions, arsons, other destructive actions using explosives and improvised flammable mixtures, firearms and bladed weapons, are supplemented with new, much more destructive and up-to-date. Hi-tech devices and equipment that are driven by artificial intelligence, autonomous and remote-controlled, are increasingly used.

When carrying out terrorist attacks, the Kiev regime actively uses modern unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) capable of causing significant damage to infrastructure facilities and posing a tangible threat to civilians. The most up-to-date UAV versions use the artificial intelligence technology, which allows for autonomous target search, reconnaissance and identification of its technical specifications to inform the decision concerning its destruction.

FPV drones (kamikaze drones) pose a significant danger. These are UAVs loaded with an explosive device or munition and equipped with a video camera, which allows for terrain observation, operating the vehicle and targeting it remotely. UAVs of this type are widely used by the Kiev regime when attacking civilians and civilian infrastructure facilities on the territory of Russia both in its border areas and deep into the country.

Ukraine has been widely using unmanned boats with an explosive charge capable of moving autonomously. Such boats are used to attack Russian civilian and military facilities in the sea areas.

In order to carry out subversive terrorist acts, military space surveillance capabilities allowing to obtain real-time information through remote sensing on the target of the subversive terrorist act for precision-guided weapons strikes, have been increasingly applied. An illustrative example is the targeted use by the Kiev regime (supported by its western handlers) of HIMARS MLRS, MGM ATACMS ballistic missiles, Storm Shadow, etc. against residential buildings, critical and industrial infrastructure facilities not only in the frontline areas but deep into the Russian territory.

For prompt data exchange as well as in preparation and execution of subversive terrorist acts, Ukrainian direct action recon units (DA recon units) actively use advanced information and communication technologies, e.g. the Starlink global satellite system.

With the direct support from Western intelligence services, including military and technical support, they obtain sensitive intelligence information, infiltrate agents, and recruit perpetrators and accomplices. They develop new means and expand the scope of hostile activities – from one-off pinpoint attacks to outright atrocious mass terrorist attacks with unlimited possible implications.

The Main Directorate of Intelligence of the Ministry of Defence of Ukraine and the Security Service of Ukraine (SBU) engage recruits and trained agents as perpetrators, including from among Ukrainian citizens and residents of the new Russian regions – the Donetsk, Lugansk People's Republics (DPR, LPR), Zaporozhye and Kherson Oblasts.

In order to provide the necessary ideological foundation for radicalizing certain social groups and coordinating terrorist attacks, Ukrainian information and psychological operations centres have embarked on an aggressive propaganda campaign among young people, marginal groups and persons with mental conditions as well as those facing social, livelihood and financial issues.

To conduct recruitment and coordinate terrorist attacks, technological capabilities of Internet messengers, which normally feature a message encrypting function, theme-specific social media and communication Internet platforms are widely used.

Fraudulent techniques are actively used. Socially vulnerable persons are induced to take loans and transfer money to "safe accounts" and subsequently commit crimes under the pretext of participating in special services' operations or using blackmail.

As a result of this practice of Ukrainian special services, terrorist crimes – arson attacks on military enlistment offices, administrative buildings and police stations, destructive actions against transport and industrial infrastructure facilities – are committed by ordinary people, such as retired persons, teachers, housewives, the youth, and minors. This clearly shows that there are no age or social limits when recruiting perpetrators by Ukrainian sponsors.

Terrorist movements controlled by Ukrainian security services such as Columbine[1] and Maniacs Murder Cult[2] created on the basis of hatred ideology and mass killings have become much more active. Psychologist recruiters supervized by Western intelligence services are operating in Ukraine, Poland and the Czech Republic.

The Kiev-controlled terrorist organizations, Russian Volunteer Corps (RVC)[3] and the Freedom of Russia Legion (FRL)[4] comprising persons with anti-Russian and nationalist views, are also directly involved in acts of sabotage and terrorist attacks. Formally, Kiev dissociates itself from these terrorist formations, labeling them as guerrilla fighters and disavowing their ties with the AFU. Meanwhile, these terrorist entities are, in fact, part of the AFU and the Main Directorate of Intelligence of the Ministry of Defence of Ukraine.

At the same time, attempts are made to incite ethnic hatred, xenophobia and nationalism in the Russian society to spark extremism-motivated conflicts. Engaging supporters of radical Islam in Russia in terrorist activities is separate area of Ukrainian security services' activities.

The high level of confidence on the part of most of the Russian society in government authorities, the unity and certainty in the soundness of the political and economic course shown at the Russian presidential elections in March 2024 prompted Ukrainian security services to step up their criminal activities and make them more sophisticated.

In its attempt to provoke the maximal public outcry using terrorist methods, discredit the authorities, split the Russian society, and instill an atmosphere of mass fear and panic, the Kiev regime backed by the collective West disregards the potential scale of consequences.

2. Ukraine's involvement in the terrorist attack at the Crocus City Hall in Krasnogorsk

From their traditional covert techniques Ukrainian security services have switched to outright large-scale terrorism. As a result, a despicably brutal terrorist attack – the cold-blooded massacre of innocent people at the Crocus City Hall in Krasnogorsk, Moscow Oblast – was organized and executed.

On the evening of 22 March 2024, a Russian music band was to perform at the 6,200-seat Crocus City Hall. All tickets for the concert were sold out. A few minutes before the performance began, at the entrance to the building, four terrorists armed with automatic firearms opened fire on visitors and security guards who were outside, then broke into the lobby and on their way to the concert hall shot people who came to the event, in cold blood at close range, regardless of gender or age.

When inside the concert hall, they continued indiscriminate fire, as well as spilled and set fire to a flammable liquid, preventing people inside from hiding between the rows of seats. 13 minutes later, the terrorists dropped some of the weapons, left the concert hall engulfed in flames and escaped by car in the direction of the Russian-Ukrainian border, close to which they were detained in the Navlinsky District of the Bryansk Oblast. The terrorist attack killed 144 people, including three children, and injured 551.

Investigating into the terrorist attack, the competent authorities of the Russian Federation obtained information proving that the Main Directorate of Intelligence of the Ministry of Defence of Ukraine was directly connected with the massacre in Krasnogorsk. The terrorist attack had been carefully plotted, weapons and tools of terror procured, escape routes for the terrorists across the Russian-Ukrainian border prepared in advance, with a "window" provided for their crossing into the territory of Ukraine.

The analysis of the terrorists' means of communication revealed additional information exposing their contacts with the Ukrainian special services. Furthermore, the investigation also has at its disposal verified data on the receipt by the perpetrators of the terrorist attack of significant amounts of cash and cryptocurrency from Ukraine used in the preparation of the crime.

Labour migrants from Central Asia were recruited as perpetrators and the preparation and financing of the attack were coordinated via the Internet by members of the international terrorist organization Islamic State – Khorasan Province, which once again points to the fact that the current Ukrainian government is linked with international terrorism and confirms the available reports that the Kiev regime has had a long history of collaborating with and exploiting the Islamist radicals to its advantage.

According to the competent authorities, over 20 people, including the direct perpetrators and accomplices, have already been detained in connection with the terrorist attack at the Crocus City Hall. The terrorists claim that after the attack, they were to reach a certain section of the Russian-Ukrainian border in the Bryansk Oblast by car, burn the vehicle in a forest area and inform their supervisor thereof, who would use channels of the Ukrainian security services to help them cross the border to the Ukrainian territory and arrive in Kiev. The terrorists were promised one million roubles each for executing the terrorist attack.

Concurrently with the movement of the perpetrator in the direction of the border, the activity of AFU servicemen and Ukrainian special service staff was detected in the adjacent territory, near Chuykovka and Sopych (Shostka district of the Sumy region), who worked to provide a corridor for the terrorist group to cross, including using demining equipment.

The tragedy at the Crocus City Hall, which shocked the country and the world community, brought back to the agenda the issue of mass public terror used to put pressure on society, sow panic and undermine the resilience of our state to global challenges and threats.

Most countries of the world showed a natural reaction to the tragedy by expressing support and condolences to the country and Russian people.

Right after these tragic events, without waiting for the interim results of the investigation and amid the unequivocal international condemnation of this terrorist attack, the western media, White House, British and EU officials launched a PR campaign denying the involvement of Ukrainian special services in this crime. What is more, they had begun to deny the connection even before this issue was raised in the media space.

The editorial boards of the leading western periodicals were given specific instructions to spread their own version of ISIL[5]'s involvement in the Krasnogorsk terrorist attack in the media space, denying the Islamists' links with the Ukrainian government or western special agencies, discrediting the results of the investigation and favouring all sorts of conspiracy theories about the involvement of Russian special services. It was considered unacceptable to show sympathy and humane attitude towards the Russian people.

Western attempts to distract the world community from the real organizers and beneficiaries look particularly cynical given the explicit ban on revealing the true scale of the tragedy, including the number of victims and children killed, and showing ordinary people's reaction to the attack.

For these purposes, the resources of Russian-language media and foreign agents abroad have also been used. Media platforms controlled by Russian oligarchs on the run and oppositionists have adjusted their editorial policies to engage in tendentious speculations about the causes and consequences of the Krasnogorsk tragedy. The Anti-Corruption Foundation[6] and MBK Media[7] employees have invented a series of 'investigations' into law enforcement agencies and special services' activities. They primarily seek to discredit the Russian authorities and search for a pretext for destabilizing the Russian society.

Despite the irrefutable evidence obtained by the investigative bodies proving that the Kiev regime was behind the terrorist attack, they are still trying to convince Russia that the terrorist attack was not commissioned by Kiev, but committed by some supporters of the radical Islamist ideology. Someone would probably like to convince the world public of that, but is impeded by a number of major inconsistencies.

The fact that ISIL acknowledged its involvement in the crime does not mean it was really responsible. This group had already tried to 'take credit' for someone else's actions in the past, apparently striving to remind of itself as a powerful player.

In addition, there is a mismatch in crime patterns. Radical Islamists are guided by their deep ideological convictions, no matter how inhumane those might be, rather than committing crimes for money. They do not try to escape and tend to blow themselves up. In the case of the Crocus City Hall, as we know, the perpetrators cowardly tried to flee hoping for a new life for the reward they would receive. Obviously, they are not radical extremists.

The Ukrainian media controlled by the West immediately picked up on this message, focusing on ISIL and disregarding the preliminary investigation results. The Western information campaign was accompanied by the Kiev regime's absurd allegations of the Kremlin's involvement in the terrorist attack.

The cruel Russophobic media hype on the Krasnogorsk tragedy in multi-million Ukrainian online media that followed immediately after the attack is also remarkable.

Nearly concurrently with the terrorist attack, Ukrainian IPSO units launched an aggressive online propaganda and recruitment campaign calling for committing similar crimes for a cash reward, which sought to attract young people and minors. Mass mailings of fake messages about subsequent terrorist attacks in neighbouring areas of Krasnogorsk and Moscow were reported. Social media accounts allegedly belonging to terrorists were created. The natural public reaction to the tragedy was exploited to hype the atmosphere of fear and helplessness.

Given such aggressive efforts to cover up for Kiev by all means, without any account for the investigation findings, there is a need to look into the issue of western special services' possible involvement in the preparation of this terrorist attack. Even more so since shortly before this tragedy, the embassies of a number of western countries released statements for their citizens warning them from visiting crowded places in Moscow, in particular, concert halls.

This is confirmed by the available data on close cooperation of the CIA and British intelligence with the SBU the administration of the Ukrainian service has boasted of on many occasions. The CIA' profound involvement in the activities of the Main Intelligence Directorate of the Ministry of Defence of Ukraine is described in detail in a New York Times article, which provides facts of more than a decade of cooperation both in the intelligence activities of the intelligence services and in the establishment of a separate special-purpose MoD unit 2245 to carry out terrorist actions. Kirill Budanov, the future head of the Main Intelligence Directorate, was trained by the US intelligence staff and mentors within this unit. He relies on the CIA leadership's support and extensive ties, which allow him to coordinate his activities directly.[8]

Alexander Bortnikov, Director of the Federal Security Service, stated at a National Antiterrorist Committee meeting on 11 June 2024: "Ukrainian and western intelligence services are expanding the range of possible perpetrators recruited to commit high-profile crimes in Russia and assist international terrorist organizations in their training and equipping. The involvement of Ukrainian military intelligence in the terrorist attack at the Crocus City Hall near Moscow, which we have revealed, is a telling example.

Of course, all the circumstances of this bloody terrorist attack will be thoroughly established. The end sponsors, organizers and accomplices, wherever they are, will be found, exposed and subjected to fair punishment.

The events of 22 March 2024 clearly show that the Kiev regime and its foreign supervisors have no moral or ethical constraints. Europe and the US make no secret that they are using the Ukrainian side to their own interest. They continue to blatantly supply weapons, explosives, military hardware and intelligence to Ukraine so it could organize and carry out acts of terrorism, training for saboteurs and terrorists.

3. Ukraine's terrorist activities in the territory of the Russian Federation in 2022-2024

Ukrainian special services and armed groups are involved in terrorist acts and subversions at civilian facilities in the territory of the Russian Federation, both in border areas and deep into the country.

The Kiev regime primarily seeks to intimidate the population, discredit Russia's leadership, disrupt activities at all levels of government and cause maximum damage to the national security of the Russian Federation in general.

To fulfil its criminal intentions, the Kiev regime, in violation of all norms of international warfare law, deliberately uses heavy weapons and unmanned aerial systems against civilian facilities and civilian population. It creates terrorist structures within its territory (RVC, FRL, etc.), which carry out "demonstrative" raids into Russian border areas to terrorize civilians; they also organize, plan, prepare, fund and carry out acts of sabotage and terrorism in the Russian territory, including against public and government figures.

Through the Internet, social media and instant messengers, Ukrainian special services, using a network of IPSO centres under the supervision of their western patrons, are actively recruiting Russian citizens, primarily young people, to commit terrorist attacks.

3.1. Terrorist acts committed by identified persons in the territory of the Russian Federation against government and administrative bodies and civilian infrastructure in 2022-2024[9]

As a result of information-psychological and recruitment activities of the Ukrainian special services and their accomplices aimed at engaging Russian and foreign citizens, especially minors and the youth, in unlawful activities on the territory of the Russian Federation, from February 2022 through April 2024, 97 acts of terrorism and sabotage (18 in 2022, 66 in 2023, and 13 in 2024 ) were committed against government and administrative facilities, social and public institutions, transport and energy infrastructure facilities, as well as law enforcement officers. The geographical scope of these crimes is quite extensive and covers nearly the entire national territory.

During the specified period, the following acts were committed by identified persons:

– 30 arson attacks against military enlistment offices (13 in 2022, 17 in 2023, no arsons in 2024) in St. Petersburg and Leningrad Oblast (5), in the republics of Buryatia (1), Bashkortostan (1) and Komi (1), in the Krasnodar (1), Primorye (1), Khabarovsk (1) and Zabaykalye (1) Krais, in Moscow (2), Ivanovo (1), Volgograd (1), Omsk (2), Kemerovo (1), Nizhny Novgorod (1), Tver (1), Murmansk (2), Sverdlovsk (2), Irkutsk (1) and Novosibirsk (1) Oblasts, in the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug – Yugra (1), as well as against the Smolensk (1) and Chelyabinsk (1) Oblast local government premises, which accommodated military enlistment offices.

Attacks were also committed against local government buildings in Krasnodar, the Rostov Oblast, the Moscow Oblast, the Komi Republic, Kazan (Republic of Tatarstan), Kirov, as well as classrooms of a municipal budgetary educational institution "Secondary School No. 10 named after pilot-cosmonaut A.G. Nikolaev" in Cheboksary (Chuvash Republic), a public reception office of the United Russia political party in Dolgoprudny (Moscow Oblast), life support facilities (communications, telecommunications networks, utilities and transport).

– 27 acts of inflicting damage (arsons of relay boxes, blowing up of railway tracks and locomotives) on technological equipment and infrastructure facilities of the Moscow Railway (in the Bryansk and Kaluga Oblasts), South-Eastern Railway (Tambov Oblast), South Urals Railway (in Sibay, Republic of Bashkortostan, the cities of Chelyabinsk, Magnitogorsk, Miass; Sosnovsky and Krasnoarmeysky districts of the Chelyabinsk Oblast), Kuibyshev Railway (in Ufa, Republic of Bashkortostan and Bugulma, Republic of Tatarstan), Gorky Railway (in Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, and Kirov), Sverdlovsk Railway (in Neivo-Rudyanka, Stantsionny-Polevskoy, in the cities of Polevsk, Kachkanar and Yekaterinburg of the Sverdlovsk Oblast), Krasnoyarsk Railway (in of Uyar, Krasnoyarsk krai), West Siberian Railway (in Anzhero-Sudzhensk, Kemerovo Oblast – Kuzbass and Tomsk), North Caucasian Railway (in Krasnodar, Buynaksk, Republic of Dagestan, and Rostov-on-Don, Rostov Oblast), Melitopol Railway (in Melitopol, Zaporozhye Oblast), Volga Railway (in Saratov).

Explosions and arsons that triggered technological process disruptions at fuel and energy infrastructure facilities such as the Kuibyshev Oil Refinery in Samara, the Koreiz gas pipeline in the Republic of Crimea and the Donenergo RGES transformer yard could have led to large-scale man-made disasters with a large number of civilian casualties and significant environmental damage.

Attempts on the lives of law enforcement officers with a view to curb their legitimate activities, which caused their deaths or injuries, were recorded in the Zaporozhye Oblast, the DPR and the LPR. Terrorists mainly targeted senior law enforcement officers. Thus, they attacked E.A. Kuzmin, head of the Main Department of Internal Affairs for the Zaporozhye Oblast, E.A. Degtyarev, senior assistant prosecutor of the Melovskoy district (the LPR), Major General I.A. Kornet, acting head of the LPR Ministry of Internal Affairs, and other senior law enforcers.

In Armavir (Krasnodar Krai), a terrorist, also acting on instructions from Ukrainian special services, used a toxic substance at the site where the anniversary of the graduation from the Armavir Red Banner Higher School of Air Defense Pilots was celebrated. If the terrorists' plan had worked, up to 80 people would have been killed.

3.2 Terrorist acts prevented in the territory of the Russian Federation against government and administrative bodies and civilian infrastructure in 2022-2024[10]

The Russian competent authorities took timely measures at the planning and preparation stage, thereby preventing 230 terrorist attacks (42 in 2022, 165 in 2023, and 23 in 2024) from February 2022 through April 2024.

Terrorist attacks were mainly targeting local military administration premises. In particular, 60 arsons and explosions of military enlistment offices were prevented in St. Petersburg, in the Kabardino-Balkarian (Nalchik) and Karachay-Cherkess Republics (Cherkessk), in the republics of Bashkortostan (Oktyabrsky), Komi (Usinsk), Mari El (Yoshkar-Ola), in the Stavropol (Mineralnye Vody, Stavropol, Pyatigorsk, Nevinnomyssk), Krasnodar (Krasnodar, Sochi), Primorye (Vladivostok), Krasnoyarsk (Krasnoyarsk), Perm (Perm) Krais, in the Rostov (Rostov-on-Don), Yaroslavl (Uglich), Tver (Tver), Ivanovo (Ivanovo), Astrakhan (Narimanovsky district), Sverdlovsk (Prigorodny district, Yekaterinburg), Nizhny Novgorod (Kanavinsky district, Shakhunya), Sakhalin (Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk), Kemerovo-Kuzbass (Kemerovo), Novosibirsk (Novosibirsk), Irkutsk (Irkutsk district), Leningrad (Vyborg), Lipetsk (Yelets), Bryansk (Unech), Moscow (Zaraysk), Tver (Torzhok), Voronezh (Voronezh), Tambov (Tambov) oblasts.

The criminals also focused on facilities located at railway junctions and rolling stock with tanks containing oil products. Thus, terrorist attacks at railway stations in Georgievsk in Stavropol Krai and Nalchik in the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, as well as the explosion and arson of railway tanks with oil products in Stavropol and Orenburg were prevented. Attacks on infrastructure facilities of the Kursk international airport, Syktyvkar city airport (Komi Republic) and the Sokol bus station in Lipetsk were prevented.

Terrorists pursued attempts to damage engineering structures and technological equipment of Crimean Railway: 15 terrorist attacks were prevented (in Sevastopol, Vladislavovka and Stepnoye of the Kirovsky district, Zheleznodorozhnoye and Priyatnoye Svidanie of the Bakhchisarai district, Bely of the Temryuk district, Konstantinovka of the Dzhankoy district, Krasnaya Zorka and Perovo of the Simferopol district); Kuibyshev Railway: terrorist attacks were prevented (in Ufa and near the Urshak railway station in the Republic of Bashkortostan, at the Dachnaya station of the Samara Oblast, and in the city of Samara); Moscow Railway: 4 terrorist attacks were prevented (in Kaluga and near the Kudrinskaya station of the Kaluga Oblast, in Lytkarino of the Moscow Oblast, Dashki of the Ryazan Oblast), Sverdlovsk Railway: 4 terrorist attacks were prevented (in Pyshminsky and Tugulymsky districts, Stantsionny-Polevskoy and Yekaterinburg of the Sverdlovsk Oblast), North Caucasian Railway: 3 terrorist attacks were prevented (in Rostov-on-Don of the Rostov Oblast, Timashevsky district of the Krasnodar Krai, in Cherkessk in the Karachay-Cherkess Republic), October Railway: 3 terrorist attacks were prevented (in St. Petersburg) and South Urals Railway: 1 terrorist attack was prevented (in the Orenburg Oblast).

Thanks to the timely measures, terrorist attacks that could have led to technological catastrophes with a large number of casualties and severe environmental damage were prevented against the following premises: Zaporozhye Nuclear Power Plant (Zaporozhye Oblast), Uglich Hydroelectric Power Station (Yaroslavl Oblast), Stavrolen OJSC chemical plant (Stavropol Krai), Orenburg Gas Processing Plant (Orenburg Oblast) and Serpukhov Oil Depot JSC (Moscow Oblast), the South Stream gas pipeline (Volgograd Oblast), Chernomortransneft JSC Lisichansk-Tikhoretsk 1 and 2 main oil pipeline (Rostov Oblast) and Transneft PJSC gas and oil distribution hub (Tyumen Oblast).

The perpetrators also planned to commit terrorist attacks against information infrastructure facilities. Thus, arsons of equipment of television relay towers and cellular base stations were prevented in the Yaroslavl, Sverdlovsk and Orenburg Oblasts.

The intentions of terrorists and their Ukrainian handlers to interfere with the work of state authorities, public authorities of federal territories and local government bodies were foiled.

In particular, the attempted criminal attacks were prevented against Sergey Aksyonov, head of the Republic of Crimea, Vladimir Konstantinov, chairman of the State Council of the Republic of Crimea, Yanina Pavlenko, head of Administration of Yalta, Yaroslav Anika, deputy chairman of the Security and Defence Committee of the People's Council of the Donetsk People's Republic, Oleg Ryabchuk, acting Minister of Construction, Architecture and Housing and Public Utilities of the Zaporozhye Oblast, A.Kovalenko, expert of the Security Committee of the Civil-Military Administration (CMA) of the Zaporozhye Oblast, Ekaterina Umanets, head of the CMA| of Kirillovka in the Melitopol district of the Zaporozhye Oblast, Andrey Mochalov, chairman of the Council of Deputies of Mikhailovsky District of the Zaporozhye Oblast, M.Kalenikov, head of the Road Service Department of the Automobile Roads Directorate of the Zaporozhye Oblast State Unitary Enterprise, Pavel Mishin, deputy head of the HR Department of Zaporozhye NPP, Roman Nazarov, head of Malokakhovsky territorial directorate of Kakhovskaya CMA of the Kherson Oblast; as well as the heads of law enforcement agencies: police Lieutenant-Colonel Yuri Balabin, head of the Kirillovskoye Department of the Ministry of the Interior of Russia, Melitopol district, Zaporozhye Oblast, police Colonel R.Pshenichny, deputy head of the police for fieldwork of the Main Directorate of the Ministry of the Interior of Russia for Zaporozhye Oblast, and others.

Numerous attempts to blow up residential buildings in Sevastopol have been prevented.

Bombing and arson attacks, including those attempted during the preparation and holding of electoral processes at various levels, on administrative buildings in Olonets in the Republic of Karelia, in Kaluga in the Kaluga Oblast, in Kirillovka, Melitopol district of the Zaporozhye Oblast, in the Yelets municipal district of the Lipetsk Oblast, in Karabikskoye in the Yaroslavl municipal district of the Yaroslavl Oblast, in Traktorzavodsky district of Chelyabinsk, Chelyabinsk Oblast, as well as the buildings belonging to local branches of the all-Russian political party, United Russia, in Ufa, Republic of Bashkortostan and in Krasnoyarsk, Krasnoyark Krai, polling stations in Yekaterinburg, Sverdlovsk Oblast, in Kurgan, Kurgan Oblast, in Vasilyevka district of the Zaporozhye Oblast, as well as the regional campaign office of candidate for Presidency of the Russian Federation Vladimir Putin in Barnaul, Altai Krai.

Terrorists also failed in their intentions to sow panic and fear among civilians by committing terrorist acts in places of mass gathering. In particular, attempted bombings in public venues in Melitopol, Zaporozhye Oblast, in Simferopol, Republic of Crimea (a shopping mall), in Kursk, Kursk Oblast (Europe №52 hypermarket and Burger King fast-food restaurant), in Lipetsk, Lipetsk Oblast (building of Islamic Centre), and in Novosibirsk were foiled. An arson attack was prevented in the central square of Samara during a mass public event, the International Anti-Nazi Festival.

Terrorists' plans to set fire to a humanitarian aid collection point in Kursk, which belonged to the Golden Hands of Angel organization, and blow up a humanitarian aid collection point in Samara were foiled.

3.3. Terrorist attacks committed against nuclear power plants and other major hazard facilities in the territory of the Russian Federation in 2022-2024[11]

Having failed in its military confrontation against the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, its efforts to intimidate the population of the country and disrupt the work of the government authorities, Zelensky's terrorist regime chose to target nuclear-fuel nuclear power plants.

Kiev seeks to use the danger of industrial and radiological disasters as a weapon of mass destruction to bully the international community. Meanwhile, the Kiev leadership, as well as their accomplices in the West, apparently fail or are reluctant to understand the potential horrible consequences of destroying or even significantly damaging such facilities not only for local residents, but also for people living in cities and whole regions located far beyond the borders of the Russian Federation, let alone the large-scale ecological disaster and irreparable damage to environment for many generations to come.

The demolition of the dam at Kakhovka hydroelectric power plant and destruction of the plant itself can be named as a striking example. Russian diplomats warned against these plans of Kiev in the UN Security Council as far back as November 2022 and demanded that the upcoming tragedy be prevented, but to no avail.

As a result, on 6 June 2023, after numerous shellings of the dam by the AFU using barrel artillery, rocket launchers and deliberate reservoir overflow, the dam was destroyed by water, causing a major humanitarian and environmental disaster.

According to the recent information, about 200 people, 55 of them killed, fell victims to this catastrophe organized by the Kiev regime. Industrial infrastructure and environment in the region were severely damaged.

Ukrainian armed formations (UAFs) have made numerous attempts to hit nuclear facilities in the territory of Russia. Most frequently, the Zaporozhye NPP has been the target of the attacks. The strikes have been launched against the plant's infrastructure facilities that ensure its safety and operation, and the NPP's satellite city of Energodar where NPP staff and their families live.

The largest nuclear power plant in Europe, the Zaporozhye NPP was taken under the protection of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation in March 2022. The Zaporozhye NPP operating company was established to operate the plant.

Given the NPP's location in close vicinity of the battle contact line, Russia, at the request of IAEA Director General Rafael Grossi, invited experts of the Agency's Secretariat to visit the Zaporozhye NPP. Their first group arrived on 1 September 2022. They primarily aim to prevent threats created by the Kiev regime to the plant's safety and security. The Russian side spares no efforts to improve the reliability of its protection and strengthen its nuclear and physical security, in accordance with national legislation and its obligations arising from the relevant international legal instruments to which Russia is a party.

On 29 October 2022, UAFs began shelling Energodar and its infrastructure. Afterwards they tried to make a landing on the left bank of the Dnieper River with the aim to take over the Zaporozhye NPP.

On 11–18 September 2023, 92 UAVs launched by Kiev regime to carry out attacks and provocations against the Zaporozhye NPP and Energodar, were tracked and shot down.

On 2 November 2023, despite the silence regime introduced to ensure the rotation of IAEA experts at the Zaporozhye NPP, one of the most massive Ukrainian drone attacks was carried out.

On 14 February 2024, the AFU attacked Energodar using combat UAVs. One of them hit an administrative building; the other three were downed with electronic countermeasures equipment.

On 14 March 2024, the shelling of the Zaporozhye NPP's critical infrastructure facilities was recorded. A caseless explosive was dropped on the storage site of diesel fuel tanks.

On 5 April 2024, shell drops were recorded in the area of a cargo port and the Zaporozhye NPP's nitrogenous and oxygen plant №2.

On 7 April 2024, the UAF launched a series of strikes against the NPP's critical infrastructure facilities and premises using UAVs. The NPP's Unit 6, training centre and canteen, as well as the area of the cargo port were hit. Three staff members of the NPP were injured. The NPP's guard forces repelled a Ukrainian attack on Unit 5.

On 8 April 2024, another Ukrainian kamikaze drone was downed above the Zaporozhye NPP. It fell down on the roof of Unit 6.

On 9 April 2024, a Ukrainian UAV attacked the NPP's unique training centre accommodating the only full-scale training nuclear reactor hall simulator.

On 18 April 2024, the AFU launched another attack on the Zaporozhye NPP's training centre. The UAV was neutralized above the roof of one of the centre's blocks.

On 25 June 2024, the AFU's shell attack destroyed a radiation monitoring post of the Zaporozhye NPP in Velikaya Znamenka. Such posts are used, inter alia, to provide the environmental control of sanitary protection zones and observation areas.

It is only after the Russian side provided irrefutable proof of UAF's shellings that IAEA officials called for ceasing the strikes against the Zaporozhye NPP. Luch and Raduga electrical switchyards in Energodar in the vicinity of the Zaporozhye NPP, were damaged in June, causing a blackout in the residential area. After that, IAEA Director General Rafael Grossi called to stop using UAVs against the industrial facility and the adjacent area. He called it unacceptable. In early June Mr.Grossi described the situation at the NPP as unstable.

However, already on 11 August 2024, the AFU attacked Zaporozhye NNP once again. As a result, a fire started and the physical integrity of the plant was breached, which is regarded by experts as an unprecedented threat to nuclear security. They are yet to assess the risks and scale of possible consequences.

Seeking to inflict maximum damage on the civilian population of Russia as well as large-scale destruction of infrastructure, the Kiev regime in its attacks reaches far beyond the frontline territories.

On 4, 9 and 12 August, Ukrainian terrorists undermined six supports of high-voltage power transmission lines that supply power to the Kursk NPP. As a result, its workflow was jeopardized.

On 14 July, 1, 3 September and 26 October 2023 repeated UAV attempts to attack the Kursk NPP, including the nuclear waste storage, were made.

On 26 October 2023, air-defence forces thwarted an attempted attack by Ukrainian UAVs against the Kursk NPP. The first fixed-wing jet-propelled UAV was detected at 20:20 on the ground near a checkpoint of administrative building 2. The UAV was loaded with an explosive device that did not detonate. An hour later, Rosguard officers who were patrolling the perimeter of the plant, found another downed UAV in the territory of the dog training ground. Its downing did not provoke an explosion, either. Toward midnight, Rosguard officers located a third UAV, which detonated close to the nuclear waste storage. The UAVs were loaded with US-made C-4 plastic explosives with metal balls and screws as destructing agents.

The vicinity of the Kursk NPP had come under the attacks of the Kiev regime before. In mid-summer, the façade of a residential house in Kurchatov was damaged as a result of a UAV crash. In early September, a non-residential building in the city caught fire following a UAV attack.

On 25 May 2023, a terrorist attack on the infrastructure of the Leningrad and Kalinin NPPs located in the Leningrad and Tver Oblasts was prevented. A terrorist group comprising three Ukrainian nationals and acted on the instruction from Ukrainian special services was neutralized. The members of the group testified to the fact that they had intended to undermine 30 supports of high-voltage power transmission lines that are part of the critical infrastructure of the said NPPs.

Besides, two accomplices of Ukrainian saboteurs who were Russian nationals were identified and detained. They had provided the Ukrainian fighters with means of communications and automobile transport with fake license plates.

The Russian special services have seized 36.5 kg of plastic explosives and 61 foreign-made electronic detonators, 38 electronic timers and two Makarov pistols with ammunition from caches prepared by the saboteurs.

On 5 June 2023, Ukrainian militants committed another act of technology-related sabotage in the Kiev-controlled territory – they blew up a section of the Togliatti-Odessa ammonia pipeline in the Kharkov Oblast. Local residents were exposed to the spreaded cloud of a poisonous substance. The Kiev regime is still trying to conceal the consequences of its own provocation.

Obviously, everyone who helps to hush down the role of Ukraine's military and political leadership and Ukrainian special services in attacks against Russian nuclear facilities, is in fact their accomplice.

The responsibility for the strikes on NPPs and their possible consequences fully rests with the leadership of the states that provide weapons, intelligence and financing to the Kiev regime, train AFU soldiers and organize "media coverage" of Ukraine's crimes.

4. Most resonant terrorist acts against political and public figures and media staff masterminded and committed by Ukraine in 2022–2024[12]

The Kiev regime's practice of physically eliminating political and public figures, governmental officials and media staff serves as indisputable proof of its terrorist nature. Moreover, Ukraine's political and military leadership openly justifies and approves such murders. The terrorist actions with a view to eliminating undesirable persons are meticulously planned by Ukrainian special services and carried out with their direct involvement. The use of explosive devices has become their favourite technique:

– On 20 August 2022, Daria Dugina, journalist, political expert and public figure, was killed in a vehicle explosion. It was determined during the investigation that the terrorist act had been masterminded and committed by Ukrainian special services. The perpetrator was Natalia Vovk, a Ukrainian national born in 1979, member of the Azov Battalion terrorist organization.

The perpetrator arrived in Russia by car on 23 July 2023 together with her 12‑year‑old daughter. The same day they arrived in Moscow and rented an apartment in the same residential building where Daria Dugina lived. For a month, the terrorist had been spying on Daria Dugina to gain information on her way of life and plan the murder.

On 20 August 2022, Daria Dugina arrived at the Tradition Literature and Music Festival in the Moscow Oblast in which her father, Alexander Dugin, world-famous public figure and scientist, participated. During the Festival, a remote-controlled explosive device with a capacity amounting to about 400 grams in TNT equivalent was attached to the bottom of their car. When Daria got into the car and left the parking lot the explosive device was detonated.

The next day, on 21 August 2022, Natalia Vovk changed the license plate on her car and left Russia for Estonia.

– On 2 April 2023, military correspondent Maxim Fomin, widely known as Vladlen Tatarsky, was killed in a blast in one of the cafes in central St.Petersburg. Fifty other people were injured. The investigation established that the terrorist act had been organized by Ukrainian special services and their agents, including those from among Russian opposition activists hiding abroad.

The perpetrator of the terrorist act was a Russian national Daria Trepova born in 1997, a member of the Anti-Corruption Foundation extremist organization. Upon the instructions from her handlers in Ukraine, she arrived at an event dedicated to Maxim Fomin and handed him a "gift" – a figurine with explosive device that detonated several minutes later. After the blast Trepova fled the crime scene but was arrested the next day.

Another person involved in the preparation of the terrorist attack was a Ukrainian national and member of Ukrainian subversive group Yuri Denisov, born in 1987. He passed a camouflaged explosive device to Trepova through an intermediary. As tasked by Ukrainian special services, Denisov had arrived in Russia in February 2023 from Kiev, through the territory of Latvia, and had been gathering information on Maxim Fomin's way of life and places he regularly visited. For this purpose he bought a car and rented an apartment near Fomin's place. On 3 April 2023, after the terrorist act, Yuri Denisov left Russia for Turkiye via Armenia.

– On 6 May 2023, an attempt on the life of Zakhar Prilepin, a writer, politician and co-chair of the Just Russia – For Truth political party under Ukrainian special services supervision, was committed. His car was blasted in Pionerskoye, Nizhny Novgorod Oblast, where two remote-controlled explosive devices (anti-tank mines) had been installed on the route he followed.

His driver and comrade Alexander Shubin was killed in the explosion while Prilepin himself was heavily wounded and survived by miracle. There could have been more victims: the writer's little daughter had been in the same car shortly before the explosion.

The law enforcers managed to apprehend the perpetrator of the terrorist act right away. It appeared Urkainian-born Alexander Permyakov, 1993, previously convicted of robbery.

He confessed to committing the terrorist act as well as to the fact that he had been recruited by the Security Service of Ukraine. In August 2022, on the instructions from the Ukrainian special services, he arrived in Russia through the territory of Poland and Estonia and obtained Russian citizenship. Then, having received from his handlers the necessary funds, a pistol and two anti-tank mines, he spent six months selecting a place for a terrorist attack and preparing for the assassination. After committing the crime, Alexander Permyakov tried to hide in a forest strip but thanks to the competent work of the police he was promptly detected and arrested.

The Ukrainian special services launched particularly intense terrorist activity in Russia's new regions – the Zaporozhye and the Kherson Oblasts as well as in the Donetsk People's Republic and Lugansk People's Republic. The characteristics of numerous violent murders committed by them show the systemic nature of the tactics adopted by the Kiev regime to eliminate representatives of civil authorities in order to intimidate the population and disorganize the work of local government bodies. Each such crime is accompanied by its public "savouring" by various Ukrainian public figures who not only justify terrorist acts against civilians but also urge to continue these killings.

Here are but some of the crimes committed by the Ukrainian side:

– On 20 March 2022, in Kherson unidentified persons opened fire on a car carrying Pavel Slobodchikov, Vladimir Saldo's assistant, and his wife. As a result of the attack, the man was killed and his spouse wounded;

– On 20 April 2022, blogger Valery Kuleshov was found dead in Kherson with multiple gunshot wounds;

– On 25 April 2022, Pavel Sharogradsky, social activist, was kidnapped from the building of the district administration in Schastye, LPR, and later murdered;

– Members of the opposition public organization Patriots – For Life Vlad Chernukha, Aleksey Kobyakov, and Vasily Stogny were killed without trial, according to the confessions of V. Shevchuk, SBU officer, made on 17 May 2022, and M. Zhorin, militant of the Azov terrorist organization, senior lieutenant of the National Guard of Ukraine;

– On 24 June 2022, Dmitry Savluchenko, head of the Directorate for Family, Youth, and Sports, was killed in a car bombing;

– On 24 August 2022, Ivan Sushko, head of the local administration in Mikhailovka, Zaporozhye Oblast, was killed in a car bombing. The operational-search activities helped to identify the perpetrators of the terrorist act – five citizens of Ukraine and Russia. The investigation revealed that they acted on the instructions from the Security Service of Ukraine. They had been following Ivan Sushko since May 2022. One of them made an improvised explosive device and the other planted it on the victim's car. Subsequently, having made sure that Ivan Sushko was inside the car, one of the accused detonated the explosive device;

– On 28 August 2022, Aleksey Kovalev, deputy chairman of the Kherson civil-military administration for agriculture, was shot dead in his home in an armed attack. The attackers also murdered the young woman who lived with him, slitting her throat in cold blood. Two months earlier, Kovalev had already faced an assassination attempt – his car was blown up and the official sustained an injury;

– On 16 September 2022, a terrorist attack on the LPR Prosecutor General's Office took the lives of Sergey Gorenko, head of the office, and his deputy, Yekaterina Steglenko. The attack was carried out using an improvised explosive device which was detonated near the office of the prosecutor general;

– On 9 November 2022, Kirill Stremousov, deputy governor of the Kherson Oblast, was killed in a road accident on the Kherson–Armyansk highway. Ukrainian pro-government media confirmed the murder of Stremousov by the Ukrainian special services;

– On 22 December 2022, Andrey Shtepa, head of the administration of Lubimovka, Novaya Kakhovka district, Kherson Oblast, was killed in a car bombing;

– On 7 October 2023, Vladimir Malov, executive secretary of the United Russia branch in Novaya Kakhovka, Kherson Oblast, was killed in a car bomb attack;

– On 8 November 2023, a car bombing in Lugansk killed Mikhail Filiponenko, deputy of the LPR People's Council, former head of the LPR People's Militia and head of the local LDPR faction, who had previously been the victim of a similar assassination attempt – on 21 February 2022, his car was blown up near the building of the LPR Representation in the JCCC;

– On 6 December 2023, as a result of yet another assassination attempt, Oleg Popov, deputy of the LPR People's Council and the Chairman of its Committee on State Security and Defence, Law Enforcement and Justice, Rule of Law, Protection of Rights and Freedoms of People and Citizens, was killed in a car bombing in Lugansk. The first attempt on his life was made on 20 September 2022. It was ordered by the SBU, and the perpetrator was detained by the special services;

– On 6 December 2023, Ilya Kiva, former deputy of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, was killed near Moscow;

– On 6 March 2024, Elena Ilyina, teacher at the local children's art school and member of the precinct election commission of polling station No. 260, was killed in a car bombing in Berdyansk, Zaporozhye Oblast;

– On 1 April 2024, Valery Chayka, deputy of the Municipal District Council for Starobelsky District and head of the Centre for Service of Educational Organisations of the Starobelsk District Administration of the LPR, was killed in a car bombing.

In addition to these murders, attempts were made on Yevgeny Balitsky and Vladimir Saldo, heads of the Zaporozhye and Kherson Oblasts respectively, Igor Kornet, head of the Interior Ministry of the LPR, Vitaliy Bulyuk, first deputy head of the Kherson Oblast, V.A. Epifanov, V.V. Kuznetsov and S.A. Ivanikin, all employees of the Melitopol civil-military administration, A.V. Talipov, social activist and blogger, T.Y. Tomilina, rector of Kherson State University, O.A. Tsarev, Chairman of the Council for Strategic Directions of the all-Russian public organization RODINA – Congress of Russian Communities, V.V. Gura, deputy head of the Kakhovsk civil-military administration, Kherson Oblast.

Terrorist attacks against a number of prominent Russian journalists, public and political figures, including Margarita Simonyan, Konstantin Malofeyev, Vladimir Soloviev, have been thwarted.

Specific facts have been found indicating that Ukrainian special services used psychochemical and generally poisonous warfare agents prohibited by international conventions in preparation for the attempted assassination on the heads of the Zaporozhye and Kherson Oblasts and participants of the special military operation.

For example, on 14 September 2023, Ukrainian citizens D. Kurshutov, G. Kapralov, A. Kapralova, agents of the SBU residence office, who were making arrangements to assassinate Evegny Balitsky, head of the Zaporozhye Oblast, and to commit terrorist acts against the Russian army personnel, were detained in Melitopol. Six vials of CWA EA-3167 and Quinuclidin-3-ol, as well as three disguised explosive devices, were seized from the cache set up by the detainees.

Quinuclidin-3-ol is a Schedule 2 substance of the 1993 Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production, Stockpiling and Use of Chemical Weapons and on Their Destruction. As a stand-alone substance, Quinuclidin-3-ol has a psychotoxic effect. It is applied against individuals, including by means of touch, in order to incapacitate them. The drug was developed at the Edgewood Arsenal (United States) as a liquid psychochemical poisoning agent under the code EA 3167.

Similar poisonous substances were used in the failed assassination attempt against the head of the Kherson Oblast, Vladimir Saldo.

The Ukrainian neo-Nazis also targeted representatives of the Russian media. More than 30 journalists have died at their hands since the beginning of the special military operation, including:

– On 20 October 2022, Oleg Klokov, journalist and producer, was one of the four people killed in a targeted AFU attack on a civilian crossing in Kherson;

– On 22 July 2023, Rostislav Zhuravlev, RIA Novosti military correspondent, was killed as a result of an AFU artillery strike with cluster munitions on RIA Novosti and Izvestiya journalists in the Zaporozhye Oblast;

– On 22 November 2023, Boris Maksudov, Rossiya-24 correspondent, sustained a fatal wound in an attack by a Ukrainian UAV in the Zaporozhye Oblast;

– On 9 April 2024, a Vesti Lugansk film crew came under targeted enemy fire near Kremennaya, LPR. During the evacuation of the journalists, Ukrainian nationalists continued their attack using UAVs. As a result of the shelling, correspondent Artyom Yundas suffered a shell shock and cameraman Denis Shum was wounded in the leg. Evgeny Polovodov, press officer of the Russian Defence Ministry, who accompanied the journalists, was fatally wounded during the shooting;

– On 19 April 2024, Semyon Yeremin, military correspondent of Izvestia, died of injuries as a result of an AFU UAV attack in the Zaporozhye area;

– On 13 June 2024, a Russian NTV crew came under fire from barrel artillery in the Nikitovsky District of Gorlovka, DPR. As a result of the fire, journalist Aleksey Ivliev was seriously wounded, and cameraman Valery Kozhin died of wounds;

– On 16 June 2024, Nikita Tsitsagi, photojournalist for the News.ru, was killed by a Ukrainian UAV while preparing a report from the vicinity of the Nikolsky Monastery near Ugledar, DPR as a result of a targeted ammunition drop from a Ukrainian UAV.

5. Ukraine's use of terrorist and other prohibited methods of warfare[13]

Terror, promotion of fear and chaos in society, violence, murder and intimidation of the civilian population are considered by the Kiev regime to be part of warfare, including the daily massive shelling of peaceful residential districts, life-support facilities, civilian and industrial infrastructure.

In defiance of international humanitarian law, strikes are carried out with heavy offensive weapons of indiscriminate effect, including Grad, Uragan, Akatsiya and Gvozdika self-propelled artillery systems, cluster-headed aircraft missiles, Tochka-U tactical missiles, Neptun cruise missiles, foreign-made weapons: US Himars MLRS and MGM ATACMS ballistic missiles, Czech Vampire MLRS and Franco-British Storm Shadow missiles, including with the use of incendiary munitions, targeting residential buildings, social infrastructure and critical infrastructure facilities.

The "collective West", which provides the military and political leadership of Ukraine with logistical and technical support, has given carte blanche to use its entire available arsenal to carry out terrorist attacks in Russia's territory.

Since February 2022, more than 1,600 attacks on civilian, energy and transport infrastructure have been carried out by the UAF causing large-scale destruction and numerous civilian victims in the DPR, LPR, the federal cities of Moscow, St. Petersburg and Sevastopol, settlements in the oblasts of Zaporozhye, Kherson, Belgorod, Bryansk, Volgograd, Vologda, Voronezh, Kaluga, Kursk, Leningrad, Lipetsk, Moscow, Nizhny Novgorod, Novgorod, Orel, Pskov, Rostov, Ryazan, Samara, Saratov, Smolensk, Tambov, Tver, Tula and Yaroslavl, the Republics of Adygea, Tatarstan and Crimea, and the Krasnodar Krai.

In May 2024, the investigation confirmed that more than 2,900 civilians of the Donetsk and Lugansk people's republics, Zaporozhye and Kherson oblasts had died as a result of these actions, including 114 minors. More than 9,800 people were injured, including 594 children. More than 24 thousand civilian infrastructure facilities were destroyed or partially damaged, including 163 educational and 40 medical institutions, 107 kindergartens, including 50 nurseries, 17 churches, as well as residential houses, schools and vehicles.

Shelling and bombing attacks with the use of various types of heavy rocket, artillery and mortar weapons, as well as UAV attacks on civilian infrastructure deep inside Russian territory are on the rise. Between February 2022 and May 2024, these actions resulted in the deaths of more than 145 civilians, 33 of them minors. At least 739 civilians have been injured, including 36 minors. More than 7,000 civilian infrastructure facilities have been destroyed or partially damaged, including residential buildings, 9 higher and vocational educational institutions, 65 schools, 87 childcare facilities and educational centres.

In the Belgorod Oblast, 5,729 incidents of shelling have been recorded, including 486 MLRS attacks with 4,011 missiles fired; more than 4,000 mortar attacks with 22,800 mines fired; 944 artillery attacks with 6,170 shells fired. In addition, at least 4,000 UAV attacks with explosive devices mounted on them have been carried out by the UAF.

As a result of the UAF's actions, 577 people sustained injuries of varying degrees of severity; 128 people were killed; 1,183 critical infrastructure facilities, personal property of citizens, 14,202 residential buildings, including 382 apartment buildings, 6,417 apartments, 2,832 cars, 580 civil infrastructure facilities, including 267 social facilities, including 116 educational facilities (schools, kindergartens), as well as 45 health care centres were damaged.

In the Bryansk Oblast, approximately 2,672 shelling incidents (by aviation, UAV ammunition drops, FPV drone attacks, mortars, artillery, MLRS, tanks and cluster munitions) have been recorded, including those targeting civilian infrastructure; in many cases their victims were civilians.

The air-raid alarm has sounded 46 times in Sevastopol in 2023-2024. Since the beginning of the special military operation, the air defence systems of the Black Sea Fleet have destroyed 70 UAVs and 50 missiles of various modifications (Neptune, Storm Shadow/Scalp, MGM ATACMS) approaching Sevastopol.

Vladimir Zelensky's regime has specifically focused on targeting the Crimean Bridge built by the Russian Federation in December 2019 to connect the Kerch and Taman peninsulas, which is a vital transport route for the residents of Crimea and the entire country.

For example, on 8 October 2022, at 06:03 local time, between the single arch and the island of Tuzla, the automobile section of the Crimean Bridge was blown up, killing five people, causing the collapse of two spans of the bridge, and setting fire to four tank cars that were part of a freight train on the railway section of the bridge.

The investigation established that the terrorist attack had been arranged by Vasily Malyuk, SBU Head, and his staff, who recruited R.I. Solomko, V.V. Zlob, G.S. Azatyan, A.S. Azatyan, A.K. Terchanyan, A.G. Bylin, O.A. Antipov, D.V. Tyazhelykh and others for this purpose.

In order to carry out his plan, Malyuk, together with his accomplices, arranged the manufacture outside of the Russian territory of an explosive device disguised as a cargo of PE construction film and its delivery by truck to the Crimean Bridge.

As part of the criminal case being investigated, Solomko, Zlob, the Azatyans, Terchanyan, Bylin, Antipov and Tyazhelykh were detained, charged accordingly and placed in custody. Malyuk was put on an international wanted list and a measure of restraint in the form of detention was chosen for him in absentia.

Following these events, the Ukrainian officials openly expressed their jubilation on social media and the SBU actually took responsibility for the crime.

On the night of 17 July 2023, the Crimean Bridge was attacked again. This time the attack was carried out with the use of two Ukrainian surface unmanned boats filled with explosives. As a result, the spans of the motorway section of the bridge were damaged. At least two people were killed – a family from the Belgorod Oblast. The parents died on the spot and their 14-year-old daughter survived. She was taken to Temryuk hospital with serious injuries.

On the night of 30 May 2024, another attempt by the AFU to launch a massive attack on the Crimean Bridge using American MGM ATACMS ballistic missiles, unmanned boats and UAVs was foiled. Eight missiles were destroyed by the air defence systems over the Sea of Azov and eight UAVs were intercepted over the Black Sea near the coast of Crimea. In addition, two unmanned boats heading towards the peninsula were destroyed in the Black Sea.

However, the attacks on the Crimean Bridge are just a part of a huge list of crimes committed by the Kiev regime against civilian infrastructure and civilians, in other words, against humanity. Meanwhile, Ukraine's attacks against civilian and socially important facilities and civilians have long since extended beyond the border areas and have become a systematic and daily routine for the Zelensky regime. Some of these crimes are outlined below.

– On 18 February 2022, despite the security guarantees provided, during the passage of the UN, WHO and UNICEF humanitarian convoy from the LPR to Schastye, temporarily controlled by the Ukrainian side, the UAF opened fire at 12:40 and 13:30 with 122mm artillery guns (17 shells) from the vicinity of Geyevka and Schastye on the positions of the LPR People's Militia near Rayevka and Veselaya Gora.

– On 20 February 2022, two civilians were killed and five residential houses were destroyed in the Lada horticultural cooperative in Pionerskoye, LPR, as a result of the Ukrainian shelling. In addition, Ukrainian shelling at 21:57 in the direction of Pryshib, Slavyanoserbsk District, LPR, using 120 mm mortars, caused traumatic leg amputation and multiple shrapnel wounds to one civilian;

– On 21 February 2022, as a result of 120 mm mortar shelling from the positions of the 54th Mechanised Brigade at the Trudovskaya Mine, DPR, a civilian miner was killed on his way to the morning shift.

– On 24 February 2022, as a result of UAF shelling of 22 Mamedova Street in Gorlovka, DPR, and a direct hit of an artillery shell on the roof of the Remtekhservis one-storey production facility, one civilian, a man born in 1962, was killed and five others were injured: four men born in 1962, 1960, 1962 and 1979, and one woman born in 1949;

– On 25 February 2022, two civilians were killed and one woman was injured as a result of the Ukrainian shelling of Donetsky, DPR, using Grad MLRS;

– On 3 March 2022, Ukrainian shelling of 79 Sadovaya Street in Yasinovataya, DPR, hit a civilian family: a woman born in 1987 was killed, a woman born in 1988 and a child born in 2020 were wounded;

– On 14 March 2022, the AFU launched a Tochka-U missile attack on the centre of Donetsk. Twenty-one people were killed and 37 were wounded;

– On 18 March 2022, four civilians were killed as a result of the Ukrainian shelling of the Petrovsky District in Donetsk;

– On 23 March 2022, Ukraine shelled the civilian village of Zhuravlevka, Belgorod Oblast. One residential house was damaged, three people were injured and a priest was killed;

– On 5 April 2022, while retreating, the AFU blew up a tanker with nitric acid at a chemical plant in Rubezhnoye, LPR. The explosion was carried out taking into account the wind direction, so that the poisonous cloud would move to the east, deep into the territory of the republic;

– On 8 April 2022, for provocative purposes, the AFU launched a Tochka-U missile attack on the railway station in the Kiev-controlled city of Kramatorsk. Fifty-two people were killed, over a hundred were injured.

– On 9 April 2022, the Petrovsky District of Donetsk came under an AFU attack. As a result of the Ukrainian shelling on Veliaminova Street, a man born in 1978 was killed, more than 30 civilians were wounded. Districts of sixteen localities in the republic came under fire, namely Donetsk (Petrovsky, Kuybyshevsky, Kiyevsky Districts, Trudovskaya Mine Village), Gorlovka (Gagarin Mine Village, 6‑7 Mine Village), Makeyevka, Yasinovataya, Dokuchayevsk, Dolomitnoye, Golmovsky, Verkhnetoretskoye, Zaitsevo, Panteleymonovka, Ozeryanovka, Zheleznaya Balka, Aleksandrovka, Elenovka, Lyubovka, and Luganskoye;

– On 13 April 2022, as a result of the AFU shelling of Molodezhnaya Street in Yasinovataya, DPR, a number of residential houses were destroyed, two civilians were killed and three others were injured. Eleven electrical substations were damaged leaving around 2,600 people without power supply;

– On 14 April 2022, Ukrainian helicopters attacked Klimovo, Bryansk Oblast, 10 km into the Russian territory. Six residential houses were damaged and seven civilians received injuries of varying degrees of severity. The strike injured seven people, including one minor born in 2020;

– On 19 April 2022, the AFU shelled Golovchino, Belgorod Oblast. A woman was injured;

– On 28 April 2022, the AFU shelled the Tekstilshchik neighbourhood of the Kirovskiy district of Donetsk using Grad MLRS from AFU positions near Novomikhailovka. The Mercury market was hit. As a result of the shelling, five civilians were killed and 23 people sustained injuries of varying degrees of severity, including two children who suffered moderate injuries. Residential buildings 35, 37 Ostrovskogo St., private residential buildings 23/2, 25/1, 25/2 Monchenko St. were damaged; fire was recorded at the Sokol and Mercury markets;

On the same day, 28 April 2022, Ukraine launched a strike against Makeyevka using Uragan MRLS with 9H235 cluster munitions (the area or responsibility of the 56th Motorized Brigade of the AFU). The attack killed a child born in 2010 and wounded 18 civilians, including three children. On 1 May 2022, a girl born in 2017 and a woman born in 1948 died of their wounds;

– On 2 May 2022, the AFU launched a strike from Uragan MLRS against Debaltsevo, DPR. As a result of this war crime, a kindergarten, residential buildings and their adjacent territories, outbuildings, power lines and roads were damaged, and civilians, as well as livestock, sustained injuries;

– On 4 May 2022, the Kirovskiy district of Donetsk was shelled by the AFU. The AFU fired 9M27K cluster munitions using Uragan MLRS from their positions near Kurakhovo (the area or responsibility of the 54th Motorized Brigade of the AFU). As a result of the shelling, one civilian was killed and another ten sustained injuries of varying severity. The strike damaged a route taxi No. 58 (110 Petrovskogo St.); an apartment building (116 Petrovskogo St.); two vehicles (102 Petrovskogo St.); a gas pipeline (17 Onezhskaya St.); vocational school No. 22 (1 Flotskaya St.), an apartment building (43 Sodruzhestva St.);

– On 10 May 2022, the Ukrainian military launched a strike from Uragan MLRS with 9M27K cluster munitions against a residential area in the Kievskiy district of Donetsk from their positions located near Avdeyevka (the area or responsibility of the 25th Airborne Brigade of the AFU), killing two people and wounding another five, including a girl born in 2013. Damage was caused to apartment buildings (5, 9 Levitskogo St.), apartment buildings (102a, 108 Artema St.), apartment building (1a Panfilova St.), apartment building (1 Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya St.), apartment building (204 Chelyuskintsev St.), Republican Trauma Centre (106 Artema St.), boarding school No 11 (94 Universitetskaya St.), Dontoplivo petrol station (87 Universitetskaya St.), Central Republican Bank of the DPR (87a Universitetskaya St.);

– On 11 and 18 May 2022, Ukraine shelled Solokhi, Belgorod Oblast, damaging 61 households and 31 vehicles. An eighteen-year-old resident of Solokhi was killed and seven people were injured;

– On 13 May 2022, Ukraine shelled the town of Dokuchayevsk in the DPR from its positions near Veseliy Gai, DPR, using Uragan MLRS with 9M27K cluster munitions. As a result of the shelling, one civilian (a man born in 1957) was killed; another four men born in 1975, 1982, 1984 and 1992 received injuries of varying severity. Among the injured there were journalists from RT (Russian television channel);

– On 27 May 2022, at 18:50, the AFU fired three Tochka-U missiles at Svatovo, LPR. The missiles were shot down by air defence forces. However, the detonation of the cluster warhead resulted in the death of two civilians, while other eight civilians received injuries of varying degrees of severity. The town administration building, a shop, and surrounding buildings were damaged;

– On 30 May 2022, as a result of the Ukrainian shelling of Stakhanov, LPR, two pregnant women were killed, while another 24 civilians were injured, including eight children;

– On the same day, 30 May 2022, Ukrainian forces destroyed two schools and a gymnasium in the Voroshylovskiy and Budennovskiy districts of Donetsk, firing 14 projectiles of 155-mm calibre and two missiles with cluster munitions from Smerch MLRS. Five people were killed, including a teenager born in 2009;

– On the same day, during the AFU shelling of the central districts of Donetsk from their positions in Vladimirovka (59 km north-west of Donetsk), a BM-30 Smerch MLRS was used. Three 9M55K-series cluster munition self-propelled rockets with OBE-9N235 shrapnel submunition were fired. Artillery shells of 155-mm calibre supplied to Ukraine by NATO countries were also used. As a result of the shelling, 18 people sustained injuries of varying severity: a child born in 2019, men born in 1932, 1969 and 1960, and women born in 1984, 1962, 1944, 1999, 1964, 1961, 1977, 2001, 1958, 2001, 1967, 1983, 1999, and 1988. Damage was caused to several buildings: 6th educational building of Donetsk National University of Economics and Trade (157, 50 Let USSR St.), School No 22 (1 Zelenaya St.), School of Arts No 5 (166, 50 Let USSR St.), Boyko Multidisciplinary School No 5 (5 Shkolny Blvd.), two apartment buildings (160, 162, 50 Let USSR St.), apartment building (18 Shevchenko Blvd.), apartment building (5 Generala Antonova St.);

– On 9 June 2022, residential areas of Donetsk came under fire from the AFU. The French CAESAR 155-mm self-propelled artillery unit, supplied to Ukraine by NATO countries, was used to carry out attacks (the area or responsibility of the 25th Airborne Brigade of the AFU).

A woman born in 1987 was killed as a result of the shelling, and two civilians were wounded: a man born in 1965 and a woman born in 1957; another seven civilians sustained wounds of varying severity. Damage was caused to several buildings: traffic control station at the Motel bus station (95a Ilyicha Ave.), apartment building (96a Ilyicha Ave.), two apartment buildings (4, 6 Krasnogvardeyskiy Ave.), car wash and café (Krasnogvardeyskiy Ave. 6a), service station (Krasnogvardeyskiy Ave. 8b), administrative building (17, 50 Gvardeyskoy Divisii St.) two apartment buildings (108, 110 Krasnoflotskaya St.);

– On 9 June 2022, Ukraine fired 16 Uragan MLRS missiles at Stakhanov, LPR. The strike destroyed one multi-storey and one single-storey residential buildings and damaged 19 residential houses. Thirteen civilians were killed. The following infrastructure facilities were destroyed or damaged: medical and pedagogical colleges with dormitories, industrial and economic technical college, Pobeda stadium, Gornyak city park, administrative building of Main Department of Internal Affairs of the LPR Ministry of Internal Affairs in Stakhanov, a catering facility, and a low-pressure gas pipeline;

– On 10 June 2022, five civilians were killed and 21 civilians, including one child, were wounded as a result of the AFU shelling of Donetsk, Gorlovka, and Makeyevka, DPR;

– On 13 June 2022, Ukrainian nationalists committed the most extensive and barbaric shelling of Donetsk since 2015 using conventional and rocket artillery, firing a total of 620 rounds of various munitions. Five people were killed, including an 11-year-old boy; another 39 people were wounded, including three children. The maternity hospital, the Republican Centre for the Protection of Motherhood and Childhood, was damaged by the shelling. Pregnant women, mothers with children and the staff were forced to take shelter in the basement. The shelling also targeted other civilian facilities: the central clinical hospital, primary health care centres, school buildings, gymnasiums and kindergartens. Stéphane Dujarric, Spokesman for the United Nations Secretary-General, described the shelling of the maternity hospital in Donetsk as a "clear violation of international law"[14];

– On 15 June 2022, Stakhanov, LPR, came under the AFU fire once again. The strikes were carried out with Uragan MLRS (a total of 22 shells were fired). The attack killed five civilians, including two minors, and injured another 15, including one minor. Sixteen residential buildings, as well as two private households, the Kolokolchik kindergarten and the Absolut supermarket were damaged. Two civilians were killed, one civilian was injured, and one house was destroyed in Krinichnoye situated nearby. One civilian was wounded in Troitskoye;

– On 11 July 2022, the AFU struck the town of Novaya Kakhovka, Kherson Oblast, with HIMARS and Olkha MLRS, which led to an explosion at mineral fertilizer warehouses. A hydro technical steel structures plant, which produced equipment for hydroelectric power plants around the world, was destroyed. A distribution centre for humanitarian aid was also destroyed with 35 tons of food left in its warehouse. Seven civilians were killed and more than 80 people sustained injuries of varying severity;

– On the same day, Ukrainian militants shelled Amvrosievka, DPR, where representatives of the Molodaya Respublika (Young Republic) volunteer organization were distributing humanitarian aid to local residents. Three people were killed and another 39 were wounded;

– On the night of 12 July 2022, the AFU attacked the town of Novaya Kakhovka, Kherson Oblast. Warehouses with saltpetre and medical supplies located near civilian facilities were blown up; a hospital, residential buildings, and other city infrastructure facilities were severely damaged. Seven people were killed and about 100 were injured;

– On 12 July 2022, the AFU also shelled residential areas of Donetsk. The total number of civilian victims of the shelling amounted to 14 people (three killed, 11 wounded).

Eyewitness accounts:

Irina A. Agaltseva, 57 years old: "I just walked into the house on 12 July (2022). It came straight into the house and broke through the wall, and then all this mess of bricks and glass flew at me. I was buried in all this stuff. Then, when my husband kicked the door which was jammed, he pulled me out of that mess all bloody. I have a severe head injury, my ribs are broken, my body is riddled with shrapnel, and they still can't remove the [fragment] stuck in my leg."[15]

Vladimir P. Miroshnichenko, 73 years old: "In the evening of 12 July 2022, around 17:00, I went to pick up my mobile phone when the explosion occurred. I was thrown against the wall, and from that wall I was thrown into a chair. Then I was carried away. My liver, kidney and lung were punctured. It was one piece of shrapnel. They couldn't get it out. They said they would wait until I recovered, and if it bothered me, they would consider it later. The shelling came from Maryinka, from the Ukrainian side."[16]

– On 14 July 2022, the AFU used Uragan MLRS, Grad MLRS, 155- and 122-mm artillery, a tank, and 120-mm mortars in the Donetsk area. In the Yasynovataya area the AFU used Grad MLRS, as well as 122 mm artillery, and in the Gorlovka area – Grad MLRS, 155-, 152- and 122-mm artillery, 80-mm free-flight aircraft rockets (without the use of aviation), as well as 120-mm mortars were used. The AFU fired a total of 454 pieces of assorted ammunition. Two civilians were killed in the Voroshilovskiy district of Donetsk. In the Voroshilovskiy, Kirovskiy and Kuibyshevskiy districts of Donetsk, in Gorlovka and Aleksandrovka, 15 civilians, including a teenage girl born in 2004, sustained injuries of varying degrees of severity. In the Kubyshevskiy, Petrovskiy, Kirovskiy, and Voroshilovskiy districts of Donetsk, as well as in Gorlovka and Makeyevka, 36 houses and six civilian infrastructure facilities were damaged.

Eyewitness accounts:

Anna V. Polchenko, 37 years old: "On 14 July 2022, while at my workplace in a penal colony, I received a shrapnel wound and contusion. It all happened at once. I was walking to my office and heard a shot from the side of the AFU from Mayorsk station. Then, in just two seconds and without whistling, there was an incoming strike, literally a meter away from me, behind the fence. I have contusion, shrapnel wounds on my head and back."[17]

– On 15 July 2022, as a result of the AFU shelling of Alchevsk, LPR, with US M142 HIMARS MLRS (a total of six missiles were fired), two civilians were killed and six multi-storey residential buildings, a bus and trolleybus depot, and the Druzhba sanatorium were damaged. Two volunteers of the Pischa Zhizni (Food for Life) Donbass NGO, K. Gubarev and M. Verovsky (both born in 1982), were killed as a result of a direct hit of a HIMARS MLRS missile on a kitchen building in Alchevsk. The volunteers from Alchevsk returned to the town after supplying food to refugees in Severodonetsk. They came to the Pischa Zhizni building to unload empty tanks and caught fire;

– On 21 July 2022, residential areas of Donetsk came under fire from the AFU. The AFU fired a total of 660 various munitions. Seven civilians were wounded. Thirty-eight residential buildings were damaged in the Kirovskiy and Kuibyshevskiy districts of Donetsk, in Gorlovka and Yasinovataya, as well as seven civilian infrastructure facilities;

– On 22 July 2022, the Ukrainian armed forces shelled residential areas of Donetsk once again. A total of 301 pieces of assorted ammunition were fired by the AFU. Seven civilians were wounded. Thirty-one houses in Gorlovka and Yasinovataya were damaged, as well as eight civilian infrastructure facilities.

Eyewitness accounts:

Vera G. Glinnik, 80 years old: "I was wounded in my bedroom on 22 July (2022). I reached for my walking stick, and luckily, the walking stick wasn't far away, because it would have been worse otherwise. I got wounded, but I was still able to get to another room and tell the girls downstairs that I was hurt."[18]

–On 26 July 2022, AFU strikes hit residential areas of Donetsk (Kievskiy, Kuybyshevskiy, Kirovskiy and Petrovskiy districts), Gorlovka (Nikitovskiy district), Yasinovataya, Dolomitnoye, Verkhnetoretskoye, Golmovskiy, Panteleymonovka, Novobakhmutovka, Mineralnoye, and Aleksandrovka. The AFU fired a total of 332 various munitions.

Eyewitness accounts:

Vladimir P. Opritsa, 83 years old: "I went out of the house to wash the nappies. I was standing under a walnut tree, and I could hear nothing; after that I was blown away, in dust from head to toe, and I saw that my left hand was covered in blood. I just left everything and ran, and I got there just in time. I didn't hear anything, then I was covered in dirt and dust. I saw that my left arm was bleeding and I rushed into the house to check on my wife. I was wounded in my left arm, in the joint."[19]

– On 27 July 2022, AFU strikes hit residential areas of Donetsk. A total of 273 various munitions were fired. Damage was recorded as follows: a direct hit to a private residential building at 3 Sintsova St., a private residential building (19 Sintsova St.), a private residential building (37a Daryalskaya St.), a private residential building (28 Koroleva St.), two private residential buildings (2, 42 Luchevaya St.), two apartment buildings (8, 15 Stepanenko St.), a private residential building (56 Velykonovoselkovskaya St.), an apartment building (1 Politboytsov St.), and others.

Eyewitness accounts:

Vladimir I. Gusev, 33 years old: "On 27 July (2022) I was handing over the territory to a sales representative for my work purposes. We were in the Kirovskiy district of Donetsk on Koroleva Street in front of the Smak shop. We went into the shop and I got a phone call. I went out and the shelling began. I remember that everything started falling down, and then I fell. My lung is punctured and my spleen is taken out. I have a shattered bone in my arm. The front part of my upper jaw is broken."[20]

– On 29 July 2022, the enemy used Uragan MLRS, Grad MLRS, 155-, 152- and 122-mm artillery, a tank and 120-mm mortars in the Donetsk area; in the Yasinovataya area, the AFU used Grad MLRS, 152- and 122- mm artillery and 120-mm mortars; in the Gorlovka area, Grad MLRS, 155- and 122-mm artillery and 120- mm mortars were used. The AFU fired 632 pieces of assorted ammunition. Eight civilians were killed in Donetsk, Gorlovka, Makeyevka and Yasinovataya. Fourteen civilians, including a teenage boy born in 2007, sustained wounds of varying severity in Donetsk, Aleksandrovka, Staromikhailovka and Novoselovka. 55 houses, as well as seven civil infrastructure facilities, were damaged in the Kievskiy, Kirovskiy, Leninskiy, Kuybyshevskiy, and Petrovskiy districts of Donetsk, in Aleksandrovka, Staromykhailivka and Novoselovka.

Eyewitness accounts:

Valentina F. Zelina, 74 years old: "The AFU shelling. I went out into the backyard, and then a shell hit at the end of the vegetable garden while I was standing on the doorstep. I came to the crater; I heard an explosion and understood nothing, my side was just burning. I looked there, and there was blood. I called my neighbour Seryozha, I yelled to him, and he told me that I must have been wounded. I went round [the crater] and he said he'd call an ambulance. 29 July 2022. As they were transporting me, they stopped on the road to treat the wound because it was bleeding"[21];

– On the same day, 29 July 2022, the AFU shelled Brilevka, Kherson Oblast. The attack killed five civilians: three children and two adults. They were hiding from the fighters' strikes in the basement of their house. Because of the AFU shelling, they found themselves under the rubble. As a result of the fire started, the entire family was burnt to death;

– On 4 August 2022, artillery guns of NATO 155-mm calibre were used to shell the centre of Donetsk. The experts documented all the necessary facts to proof that the artillery fire was conducted precisely from the AFU positions located near the settlement of Karlovka, and exactly with NATO-type weapons of 155-millimeter calibre (the area or responsibility of the 56th Motorized Brigade of the AFU). Six people were killed (including a girl born in 2010), another five were wounded, including an RT journalist. The attack damaged Donbass Palace Hotel (80 Artema St.), Donetsk State Academic Opera and Ballet Theatre named after A. Solovyanenko (82 Artema St.), boiler house (8a Ilyicha Ave.), Buffet café (80e Artema St.) apartment building and three vehicles (80a Artema St.), apartment building and two vehicles (28 Pushkina Blvd.), apartment building (30 Pushkina Blvd.), apartment building (30a Pushkina Blvd.), apartment building (6a Ilyicha Ave), apartment buildings (13, 15, 18, 20 Gurova Ave.);

– On 5 August 2022 at 21:00, the Ukrainian military launched an artillery strike on a community centre in Kazatskoye, Kherson Oblast. A man born in 2003 died in hospital;

– On 15 August 2022, the Ukrainian armed forces once again shelled 13 settlements of the DPR: Donetsk (Kievskiy, Kalininskiy, Kuybyshevskiy, Leninskiy, Budennovskiy, Kirovskiy and Petrovskiy districts), Gorlovka, Yasinovataya, Makeyevka (Gornyatskiy and Chervonogvardeyskiy districts), Golmovskiy, Zaytsevo (southern), Metalist, Verkhnetoretskoye, Mikhailovka, Panteleymonovka, Novobakhmutovka, Mineralnoye, and Yelenovka. Ukrainian shelling killed four civilians in the Kievskiy and Kuybyshevskiy districts of Donetsk. Twenty-eight civilians received wounds of varying severity in the Kievskiy, Kirovskiy, Kuybyshevskiy, and Petrovskiy districts of Donetsk, in Yasinovataya, and in Chervonogvardeyskiy district of Makeyevka;

– On 27 August 2022, Ukraine used Uragan and Grad MLRS, 155 and 152-mm artillery and 120-mm mortars in the Donetsk area; in the Yasinovataya area – 155 and 152-mm artillery and 120-mm mortars; in the Gorlovka area – Grad MLRS, 155, 152 and 122-mm artillery and 120-mm mortars. 309 pieces of assorted ammunition were fired.

Eyewitness accounts:

Shepel Alexander Vasilyevich, 60 years old: "My wife and I were standing near a shop. We were near the Vityaz shop on Cherepanovy Street on 27 August 2022, at about 11:00. There was an explosion of insane power. One second, and nothing was left. My spouse was dead; she was killed";[22]

– On 28 August 2022, the Kirovsky district of Donetsk was shelled with 155-mm artillery shells. The AFU fired from the positions of the 68th Separate Jaeger Brigade near Novomikhailovka. A residential building on 111v Petrovskogo Street was damaged;

– On 1 September 2022, Ukraine launched 45 missile strikes on various parts of Novaya Kakhovka, Tavriysk and Kazatskoye in the Kherson Oblast;

– On the same day, 1 September 2022, the AFU used 155, 152 and 122-mm artillery and 120-mm mortars in the Donetsk area; in the Yasinovataya area – 155 and 152-mm artillery and 120-mm mortars; in the Gorlovka area – Grad MLRS, 155, 152 and 122-mm artillery and a tank. 339 pieces of assorted ammunition were fired. Ukraine killed three civilians in the Kirovsky district of Donetsk, and eight civilians suffered injuries of varying degrees of severity in the Petrovsky and Kirovsky districts of Donetsk, in Makeyevka and Yakovlevka.

Eyewitness accounts:

Shumakov Dmitry Yuryevich, 36 years old: "I came under fire on 1 September 2022 near Mine 21, just before reaching the Leninsky shop. There were three people in the car. All three were injured, the driver being in a critical condition. Ustinov Vladimir – in a critical condition; Ilyanov Damir at his place of residence, his hands were cut by shrapnel; I am here with an eye injury and a fracture of two shin bones. All this happened at about 13:00. I am a freight forwarder and we were delivering food products. The strikes came from the Ukrainian side".[23]

Shchukin Viktor Ivanovich, 72 years old: "We have Michurin's garden plot behind Yasinovataya. I went there on my bicycle and the shelling started; there is a garden plot and a house there. They fired once not far away, then the second time, I waited for about 15 minutes, got on my bike and rode off. I got about 200 metres away and was hit. I do not know what kind of weapon it was. The bike was smashed to pieces and I was lying there injured and covered in blood. Luckily my mobile phone was within arm's reach. I called my friend. The shelling came from Avdeyevka – Ukraine";[24]

– On 2 September 2022, the Kalininsky district of Donetsk was shelled with 155-mm artillery. The AFU fired from the positions of the 110th Separate Mechanized Brigade near Sokol. A teenager born in 2008 was killed in the shelling, and a girl born in 2003, a woman born in 1982, and men born in 1984 and 1979 suffered injuries of varying degrees of severity.

Eyewitness accounts:

Berezhnaya Aliona Andreyevna, 40 years old: "I was injured on 2 September (2022) in the Kalininsky district. With my son, we had just got off the transport and crossed over to Obzhora [supermarket], when in complete silence, sharply, as if right next to us, a shell burst. Vlad was wounded in the stomach, as I was told later, and he did not make it to the hospital. I received shrapnel wounds and injuries to my shoulders, thighs, stomach and groin. I started screaming for help. There was a man sitting at a bus stop nearby, but he was just staring at me in shock. I asked him to lift me up, but I kept on falling. After a while a man came over and said he had called an ambulance and EMERCOM. I asked them to pull me up to Vlad, but they never did, they said it was impossible. There was a car with a guy and a girl in it, and they said they could take him to the hospital. He was put in the car and taken to the Kalinin hospital";[25]

– On 3 September 2022, Ukraine opened fire on Kister in the Pogarsky district of the Briansk Oblast. Infrastructure facilities, power lines and some parts of the road surface were damaged by the attack;

– On 8 September 2022, in a missile attack by the AFU on the centre of Novaya Kakhovka in the Kherson Oblast, a house on 9 Druzhba Street was hit, presumably by Tochka-U. As a result of the hit, the corner of the house from the fourth to the ground floor collapsed. Some passers-by, who were walking past the house along the footpath, were hit. Three people died on the spot and two were seriously injured;

– On 12 September 2022, the AFU shelled the Logachovka border checkpoint, killing one female citizen of Ukraine born in 1942 and injuring three Ukrainian citizens and one resident of Logachiovka, who were taken to hospital with injuries of moderate severity;

– On 14 September 2022, the AFU shelled Dokuchayevsk in the DPR, using 155-mm calibre artillery. The AFU fired from the positions of the 68th Separate Jaeger Brigade near Ugledar, DPR. As a result of the shelling, a musician, a man born in 1937, a woman born in 1962 and three children (girls born in 2016, 2017 and a boy born in 2018) were injured. There were 32 children in the nursery school at the time of the shelling.

Eyewitness accounts:

Pavlenko Andrey Nikolayevich, 86 years old: "On 14 September 2022, I was sitting in the kitchen, then there was a bang and I blacked out. I got shrapnel wounds in my neck and cheek. The shelling came from Ukraine, the nursery school was hit";[26]

– On the same day, 14 September 2022, the shelling of the college in Perevalsk in the LPR killed a 15-year-old boy and injured six college students aged 15-17 and a teacher born in 1961;

– On 16 September 2022, Ukrainian forces shelled the building of the Kherson Oblast Administration with M142 HIMARS MLRS. Three civilians were killed in the shelling, and other 13 got injuries of varying degrees of severity;

– On 19 September 2022, as a result of the AFU artillery shelling of Krasnorechenskoye in the LPR, seven civilians were killed, including three children (twins, a girl and a boy born in 2021, and a girl born in 2015), and two houses were destroyed;

– On the same day, 19 September 2022, the AFU shelled the Kuibyshev district of Donetsk with 155-mm artillery. The AFU fired from their positions near Galitsynovka, where the 56th Separate Motorized Infantry Brigade was stationed. Six people were killed in the shelling: a woman born in 1973, and men born in 1959, 1978, 1965, 1956 and 1981. Nine civilians got injuries of varying degrees of severity: women born in 1986, 1951, 1965, 1966, 1990, 1989 and 1976, and men born in 1960 and 1987. Damage was reported at various locations: 5 Aleksandr Matrosov Prospekt – Preschool Educational Institution, Donetsk Combined Type Creche and Nursery School No 51; 1 Bogdan Khmelnitsky Prospekt – Divny Gorod shopping centre; 2 Bogdan Khmelnitsky Prospekt – Jam shop, a car was damaged; 112v Panfilov Prospekt – Zolushka and Gril shops; 72 Ofitsersky Prospekt – Svezheye Miaso shop; 1 Aleksandr Matrosov Prospekt – direct hit to a residential building, gas pipeline was damaged; 8, 10 and 12 Tsimlyanskaya Street – residential buildings were damaged.

Eyewitness accounts:

Chubovskaya Irina Mikhailovna, 72 years old: "I came to the bank to withdraw money and then I walked out, on Bakinskikh Komissarov Square, at about 14:30 on 19 September 2022. I wanted to check my card, I wondered if I had already received the money from the Russian bank, so I went out and then I don't remember anything. I was thrown to the side and then I noticed that my leg had been torn off. I glanced up quickly and saw that my leg was gone. The doctor said I was born lucky, was lucky to be alive, because the others were all dead";[27]

– On 21 September 2022, the shelling of Novoaidar in the LPR, with US M142 HIMARS MLRS (the AFU fired a total of 10 M31 GMLRS missiles), killed a civilian born in 1994, injured one person, destroyed a house, an educational building and a dormitory of the Novoaidar Agrarian College, a grain warehouse, a fertilizer and agricultural equipment warehouse, eight pieces of agricultural equipment, two cars and a truck, and damaged four houses;

– On 22 September 2022, the AFU attacked a covered market in Donetsk.

Eyewitness accounts:

Bredikhin Vitaly Aleksandrovich, 44 years old: "On 22 September 2022, in the roofed market of Donetsk at about 12:00, standing next to my personal car, I sustained an exit wound to my right arm, and my tendons were completely damaged. I had surgery. The services did a good job. I am thankful to the EMERCOM, they brought me to their base in their car and provided first aid, and then brought me here to the Republican Trauma Centre. I was injured by a Ukrainian shell. I immediately fell down and saw a woman lying at a flower stall, but she was motionless, either seriously injured or dead. Then the ambulances arrived. I hardly remember being loaded therein. When I was walking up from the market, there was a strike, and then I stood and waited out. Then there was silence, but as I approached the car and opened the door, at that moment there was a second blast ";[28]

– On 5 October 2022, the Kievsky district of Donetsk was shelled with 155-mm artillery. The AFU fired from the positions of the 110th Separate Mechanized Brigade stationed near the settlement of Novoselovka Pervaya. Four civilians were injured: a woman born in 1982, and men born in 2001, 1987 and 1959. Damage was reported at the following locations: 7/1 Kievsky Prospekt – municipal budgetary general education institution, Donetsk School No. 65; 1a Kievsky Prospekt – a residential building; 1b Kievsky Prospekt – a residential building and an PSB bank office;

– On the same day, 5 October 2022, the AFU launched a missile attack on a hotel in the centre of Kherson, Belinskogo Street. The Ukrainian attack killed one civilian and injured three others;

– On 6 October 2022, the AFU launched an attack with four M142 HIMARS MLRS missiles on a bridge over the Ingulets River near Darievka in the Kherson oblast. The missiles exploded near the bridge. One hit a bus queuing to cross. The Ukrainian attack killed five civilians and injured five others;

– On 9 October 2022, the Kalininsky district of Donetsk was shelled with 155-mm artillery, causing damage to the municipal budgetary general educational institution, Donetsk School No. 7, located at 18 P. Osipenko Street. The AFU fired from the positions of the 56th Separate Motorized Infantry Brigade stationed near Karlovka;

– On 10 October 2022, a woman born in 1992, a man born in 1959 and a man born in 1972 were injured in a shelling of the Chervonogvardeysky district of Makeyevka with 155-mm artillery. Damage was recorded at 43 Svobody Street – The Donbass Markets state-owned enterprise, its affiliated company, Republican Market 17/1, and the Chervonogvardeyskaya bus station. The AFU fired from the positions of the 56th Separate Motorized Infantry Brigade stationed near Galitsynovka;

– On the same day, 10 October 2022, the Kievsky district of Donetsk was shelled with Grad MLRS from the AFU positions near the settlement of Orlovka (area of responsibility of the 110th Separate Mechanized Brigade). Four employees of the Water of Donbass, Production Department of the DPR Water and Sewage Utility Company, men born in 1954, 1955, 1960 and 1974 sustained injuries of varying degrees of severity in the shelling. Damage was also caused to the production infrastructure of the Donetsk office of the Water of Donbass, Production Department of the DPR Water and Sewage Utility Company, located at 110 Shchorsa Street;

– On 16 October 2022, the AFU shelled the Voroshilovsky district of Donetsk with HIMARS MLRS and destroyed the building of the DNR administration;

– On 19 October 2022, the AFU shelled the Voroshilovsky district of Donetsk with 152-mm artillery, damaging the Voroshilovsky district administration and a Promsvyazbank office located at 74, Artema Street;

– On 20 October 2022, the AFU fired 12 HIMARS MLRS missiles at a civilian crossing in Kherson near the Antonovsky Bridge. Four people were killed and ten others injured;

– On the same day, 20 October 2022, the shelling of Bryanka, LPR, using US M142 HIMARS MLRS killed one civilian and injured one person, damaged five residential houses, three stores and a gas station;

– On 22 October 2022, the AFU attacked the centre of the DPR capital. The AFU fired from the positions of the 110th Separate Mechanized Brigade stationed in the area of Novosiolovka and Pervaya DNR. It was found that the AFU's targeted shelling of the Republic's capital was carried out using artillery shells manufactured in France. The shelling killed six civilians: a teenager born in 2008, a man born in 1984, and women born in 1955 and 1955. Seven civilians sustained injuries. Damage was reported at the following locations: 6b Shevchenko Boulevard – direct hits on the territory of the Central Market; 131b Artema Street – canteen of the Donetsk National Technical University;

– On 25 October 2022, the shelling of Zolotoye-2, LPR, with US M142 HIMARS MLRS (the enemy fired a total of two M31 GMLRS missiles), killed a civilian woman born in 1958, destroyed two one-storey houses and damaged six other houses and a post office;

– On 25 October, the AFU shelled the Kievsky, Kirovsky and Budionnovsky districts of Donetsk, killing one person and injuring 15 others to varying degrees of severity;

– On 28 October 2022, the AFU 110th Separate Mechanized Brigade shelled the Voroshilovsky district of Donetsk from the positions near Orlovka. The enemy fired Grad MLRS. Damage was recorded at 72 Roza Luxemburg Street – the public Donetsk Institute for Physics and Engineering named after Aleksandr Galkin, and 74 Roza Luxemburg Street – direct hit on the public Institute of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics;

– On 4 November 2022, Ukrainian shelling with M142 HIMARS MLRS in Zabarino, Golopristansky district of the Kherson Oblast, killed one civilian and injured two others to varying degrees of severity;

– On 7 November 2022, the Ukrainian military shelled the central Voroshilovsky district of Donetsk. The Ukrainian military fired six US M142 HIMARS MLRS missiles at civilian targets from its positions in the north-west of Donetsk. Damage was reported at the following locations in Donetsk: the Voroshylovsky district: 68 Artema Street – direct hit on the building of the Department of the Donetsk Railway state-owned enterprise, with subsequent fire; 87 Artema Street – glass panels of the Tsentral hotel were damaged; 66 Artema Street – glass panels of a residential building were damaged; 21 Mayakovskogo Street – a residential building was damaged. The Petrovsky, Kirovsky and Leninsky districts of Donetsk also came under fire. The Ukrainian shelling killed three civilians, including a teenage girl born in 2008, and injured seven people to varying degrees of severity;

– On 8 November 2022, the civilian crossing in Kherson, used by civilians to evacuate to the left bank of the Dnieper, was shelled twice by the AFU;

– On November 12, 2022, the central city area of Gorlovka was shelled. On 22 Lenina Prospekt – direct hit on the Shakhtior Palace of Culture: the roof, floor slabs, glass panels, interior decoration and concert hall were damaged. The shelling was carried out from AFU positions near Kramatorsk, with M142 HIMARS MLRS;

– On 16 November 2022, the shelling of Lantratovka, Troitsky district of the LNR, with US HIMARS MLRS (three M31 GMLRS missiles were fired), killed 11 civilians and injured 17 others, destroyed the Lantratovka secondary school and damaged six houses and a post office;

– On 17 November 2022, Ukraine hit school No. 13 in central Donetsk with 155-mm NATO artillery. The school is located on Shchorsa Street, and shell fragments also hit house No. 59 on the same street. The Kievsky, Leninsky and Kuibyshevsky districts also came under fire. The AFU also attacked the Ilovaysk railway station with M142 HIMARS MLRS. The shelling was carried out from the AFU positions near Kurakhovo;

– On 29 November 2022, the AFU fired six Grad MLRS shells. The hits were recorded in the area of Shkolny Boulevard, Naberezhnaya Street and Mira Prospekt in Donetsk. A young man was killed at a petrol station on Mira Prospekt. On Volochayevskaya Street, a gas pipeline was damaged by shrapnel, causing the gas-air mixture to catch fire. In addition to the city centre, the Kievsky district of Donetsk also came under fire;

– On 2 December 2022, the AFU launched multiple attacks on residential areas of Donetsk using multiple rocket launchers, causing numerous civilian casualties.

Eyewitness accounts:

Viharev Roman Vladimirovich, 55 years old: "I was injured at my place of residence, in my flat. I was hit by broken glass. On 2 December, the 8th or 9th floor was hit, of our entrance. I ended up in the traumatology ward, with my shoulder dislocated and concussion".[29]

Zolotousskaya Nadezhda Ivanovna, 80 years old: "It was 2 December 2022, at about 16:50. I was in my living room when a shell landed. It broke through the roof and slab in a flat on the 9th floor, and it all ended up here. There was so much smoke that I lay down, and a fireball flew past me and I felt pain in my right side. I shouted to my husband that my arm had probably been torn off. Blood gushed out immediately, the bridge of my nose was broken, my head, legs, arms and collarbone were cut all over. At least one of my windows, part of a wall and a radiator were blown apart".[30]

Ovchinnikov Vladimir Aleksandrovich, 57 years old: "I was injured on 2 December 2022 at 11:30 – bombs landed on Universitetskaya Street and injured me. It was a nightmare. Then somebody called an ambulance, I was stitched there, then they brought me here and did eye surgery. I was in a car with an adolescent girl, her leg and arm were punctured. There was a headless woman at a bus stop";[31]

– On 5 December 2022, the shelling of Alchevsk, LPR, with US M142 HIMARS MLRS (the enemy fired four M31 GMLRS missiles), damaged educational buildings, dormitories and library of the Donbass State Technical Institute, the Krugozor restaurant and five houses. Seven people were killed and 27 others injured.

Eyewitness accounts:

Elena Nikolaevna Bereza, 51 years old: "On 5 December 2022, there was artillery shelling by the AFU. During the shelling, one of the shells hit the house directly. As a result, the roof and the first floor collapsed into my flat. Extremely severe collapse in the bedroom where I was, a little less in the living room. Only the kitchen has been preserved, over which there is also no roof, but it is a matter of time. The corridor, the bathroom and that is all. I was hit very hard. As stated in the medical certificate – compression contusion of the spine, chest and concussion. Everything collapsed on me – the roof, the ceiling and the second floor slab. Everything that was above me fell on me. I came to my senses; I was saved by a shelf stand that was in the corner. I had walked up to it just seconds before the accident. Apparently, the slabs did not lay flat closer to the wall, and that is what saved me. I came to my senses and after a while I saw... It was still a bit light, happened around 17:00. I could not get out on my own because something was lying both under me and at the incline, I was not aware that the whole house was above me. When I came around, it was dark and dusty because there was no window at all. I was in shock and tried to push up all the things above me. I realized that I could move my arms and legs and that I was conscious, but everything was burning and I had no strength because I felt in my spine and chest that I could not breathe properly"[32].

– On the same day, 5 December 2022, the AFU shelled Donetsk with RM-70 MLRS (122 mm) from their positions near the settlement of Tonenkoye, DPR (area of responsibility of the 110th Separate Mechanized Brigade). The shelling killed four civilians: men born in 1966, 1975, 1983 and 1973, five civilians were injured: a teenage girl born in 2005, men born in 1949, 1994, 1995 and 1974, and damage was recorded at 27 locations: Municipal Budgetary Pre-school Educational Institution "Nursery Kindergarten No. 171 and 197 of Donetsk", administrative building on Universitetskaya Street, 102, 118, 118a, 120, 122, 161, 163, 163a Artema Street – residential buildings, 120a Artema Street – Aquarelle shopping centre, 130 Artema Street – Donetsk City shopping centre, 63/65 Universitetskaya Street – a direct hit in a residential building, 73, 81, 83, 85, 96, 98 Shchorsa Street – residential buildings, Municipal Budgetary Educational Institution "School No. 48 of Donetsk", Municipal Budgetary Educational Institution "Boarding School No. 10 of Donetsk", 77b Shchorsa Street – car service station, administrative building on Shchorsa Street, direct hit into the Donetsk Economic and Legal Technical School named after Nikolai Ballin, 103a Roza Luxemburg Street – residential building, a direct hit on the heat pipeline of block No. 735, the boiler facility stopped operating.

– On 6 December 2022, the AFU launched another attack on Donetsk from its positions near Lastochkino in the DPR. As a result of the shelling, four civilians were killed, among them Maria Pirogova, a deputy of the DPR People's Council, and 20 others suffered injuries of varying severity, including children born in 2005 and 2008. Damage was recorded at 16 locations: on Dzerzhynsky Avenue, the Municipal Budgetary Educational Institution "Donetsk KORN School" and the track and field arena of the Olympic Reserve School were damaged, on Chelyuskintsev Street, the Municipal Budgetary Pre‑school Educational Institution "Donetsk Combined Type Nursery Kindergarten No. 144" was damaged, the building of the Donetsk City Youth Centre was damaged on Artema Street, and the building of the Yellow shopping centre was hit directly, on Artema Street, the building of the DPR Migration Service of the Ministry of Internal Affairs was damaged; on 15 RKKA 25th Anniversary Street – a residential building; on 54 Chelyuskintsev Street – a private residential house; on 142, 167 Chelyuskintsev Street – residential buildings; on 54 Gorky Street – a private house; on 80 Koval Street – a residential building; on 4, 6a, 7a Dzerzhinsky Avenue – residential buildings.

– On 10 December 2022, a Ukrainian missile attack with M142 HIMARS MLRS on the Hunter's Halt restaurant in Melitopol, Zaporozhye Oblast, killed two residents of the town and injured ten;;

– On 16 December 2022, Ukrainian shelling of Lantratovka, LPR, with the US M142 HIMARS MLRS killed eleven civilians and injured 17, destroyed the Lantratovka secondary school, damaged six residential houses and a post office. A total of three Ukrainian shellings were recorded on 16 December 2022 in Stakhanov, Lantratovka and Svatovo with the use of US M142 HIMARS MLRS (six missiles) and 155-mm artillery (five shells). One civilian was killed and one injured in Svatovo. Six residential houses were damaged.

– On 17 December 2022, the AFU shelled Schastye, LPR, with US M142 HIMARS MLRS (three M31 GMLRS-type missiles were fired), killing three civilians and injuring five others. Four residential houses were destroyed;

– On 18 December 2022, the Kalinin hospital in Donetsk came under Ukrainian fire. The attack was carried out by the 110th Separate Mechanized Brigade from its positions located in the vicinity of Sokol with the use of JROF-M missiles. The specifics of the system and MLRS missiles used leave no doubt that the strike on the hospital was planned and targeted.

Eyewitness accounts:

Natalya P., a janitor at the Kalinin Hospital in Donetsk: "This is the second shelling. There was already one that hit in 2014. And today they have told me: "Today is St Nicholas Day, look, they will congratulate you. Be careful!" And I was in this room. I was sitting here behind the safe. The first time it hit, I took cover under the safe. Then it flew onwards, glass fell on me. So if it had collapsed, it would have killed me. I was waiting. I thought it was coming, it was coming. But before it has not been so brazenly, so much. They shoot to scare people. To completely destroy people's psyche. [33]"

– On 20 December 2022, Ukrainian shelling of the town of Novaya Kakhovka, Kherson Oblast, killed a woman born in 1949 and wounded two men born in 1990 and 1952, one of them severely;

– On 31 December 2022, the Ukrainian military struck a broadcasting facility in the town of Tokmak, Zaporozhye Oblast. A TV and radio transmission tower was damaged.

– On 1 January 2023, Ukrainian shelling of the town of Pervomaysk, LPR, with the use of US M142 HIMARS MLRS (six M31 and M30A1 GMLRS missiles were fired) destroyed the building of the Central City Hospital.

– On 3 January 2023, the AFU hit a hospital with HIMARS MLRS in Tokmak, Zaporozhye Oblast. One of its buildings was damaged, and the blast wave blew out windows in the paediatrics building and the maternity hospital, where people were present and children were being treated at the time.

– On 5 January 2023, Ukraine shelled the town of Tavriysk, Kherson Oblast. One person was killed and two civilians were wounded by shell fragments. Six residential houses, shops and a railway crossing were severely damaged.

– On 10 January 2023, Ukrainian shelling of Donetsk resulted in 12 civilian casualties: one person was killed, 11, including a child, sustained injuries of varying degrees of severity. A woman born in 1967 was injured in the Leninsky district of Donetsk on 130 Orskaya St. In the Kirovsky district of Donetsk, a man born in 1982 was killed on 51 Biryuzova Street, three men born in 1977, two teenage boys born in 2004, a man born in 1978 and a man born in 1946 were injured. In Vladimirovka, a woman born in 1972 and a man born in 1968 were injured on 27 Protsenko Street Ukrainian shelling damaged the following buildings and structures: in the Leninsky district of Donetsk – 114, 116 Orskaya Street – direct hits on private residential houses, 106, 106a Orskaya Street – private residential houses, on 26 Kazanova Street – a private residential house, 30, 32, 41, 51 Sivashskaya Street – private residential houses. Ten transformer substations were de-energized. 502 station users were left without power supply. In Kuibyshevsky district of Donetsk, damage was caused to: a route taxi No. 63, the building of Municipal Budgetary Educational Institution "School No. 66 of Donetsk", the building of a miscellaneous goods shop on Metallurgov Avenue, on 65 Grodnenskaya Street – a private residential house. In the Kirovsky district of Donetsk, there was a direct hit on the roof of an electrical workshop, and production equipment at the Skochinsky coal mine on Biryuzova Street was damaged.

– On 28 January 2023, in Novoaidar, LPR, the AFU deliberately hit the building of the district hospital with a HIMARS MLRS. The civilian and military medical personnel at Novoaidar medical facility had been providing necessary medical care to the local population and military personnel for many months. As a result of rocket-propelled fragmentation projectiles hitting the building, 14 people were killed and 24 hospital patients and medical staff suffered injuries of varying degrees of severity.

– On 29 January 2023, workers who were conducting repair work on a railway bridge in Zaporozhye Oblast came under AFU fire. The shelling killed four of them and injured five.

– On 3 February 2023, the AFU launched a mortar attack on Tavriysk, Kherson Oblast. The mines fell near the administration building. The issuance of pensions had to be halted on an emergency basis and the services for citizens had to be stopped. Ukrainian shelling damaged the gas pipeline on Stroiteley Street, destroyed private houses on the same street – No. 16, 18, 20 and 22. Houses were damaged: on 13 Krushelnitskaya Street and on 1 Vishnevaya Street Power lines were disrupted.

– On 10 February 2023, the AFU shelled Melitopol, Zaporozhye Oblast. One person was killed. Two people suffered injuries of varying degrees of severity.

– On 14 February 2023, the AFU fired 48 shells from non-rocket artillery at settlements in the Kherson Oblast. The following settlements were attacked: Novaya Zburievka – six shells were fired; Radensk – five shells; Peschanovka – seven shells; Proletarka – nine shells; Alyoshki – twelve shells; Kardashinka – four shells; Korsunka – five shells. On the night of 14-15 February 2023, the AFU continued shelling civilian infrastructure, shelling Novaya Kakhovka, Kakhovka, Golaya Prystan, Kazachyi Lagerya and Dnepryany. A total of 41 shells were fired from non-rocket artillery.

– On 15 February 2023, the targeted shelling by the AFU with Smerch MLRS damaged the Central City Clinical Hospital No. 9 in Donetsk.

Eyewitness accounts:

Ilona Guramovna Nemsadze, chief physician at the Central City Clinical Hospital No. 9 in Donetsk: "Today (15 February), at 7:30 approximately, the territory of the hospital was hit. The roof of one of the compartments was damaged.

We continue to operate as usual and provide assistance. Our medical facility provides 24-hour continuous medical care. At 7:30 it would be, or 8:30, or any other time, there are living people here. So it is both patients and staff of the facility providing continuous medical care. The first hit was in 2015. And there has been a second strike today; we did not expect that, of course. Thank God that everyone is alive, no one has been injured, and we have the opportunity to continue providing medical assistance to people who need it"[34].

– On 16 February 2023, the shelling by the AFU of Yenakievo, DPR, severely damaged the buildings of the Information Technology Lyceum.

Eyewitness accounts:

Olga Victorovna Degtyareva, Director of Enakievo IT Lyceum: "There are about 240 people here. And plus the teaching staff. In total, we number about 44 people. There was a night shelling, four hits into the school, direct hits. The school buildings were damaged, the sports hall and the assembly hall were damaged. That is, at the moment, children cannot study in full-time mode. The school is switching to distance learning. That is, children will be receiving appropriate education at once, teachers will try. If it had happened during the day, there would have been more than a hundred victims. We ask every time: why? Why? It is just children. School is out of politics. We provide education, so children should be treated as children. There is absolutely no proximity to the military. Educational institutions are located here, and they are all peaceful. [35]"

– On 23 February 2023, the AFU shelled the territory of the DPR 22 times, firing 136 shells and missiles. In the Donetsk area, there were fifteen shellings from MLRS M142 HIMARS, BM-27 Uragan and BM-30 Smerch, 155-mm artillery, in the Gorlovka area – six shellings from 155, 152 and 122-mm artillery, and one shelling from MLRS and 155-mm artillery in the Yasinovataya area. Districts of four settlements of the Republic came under Ukrainian fire: Gorlovka (Nikitovsk district), Panteleimonovka, Donetsk (Voroshilovsky, Proletarsky, Budennovsky, Kievsky and Petrovsky districts) and Yasinovataya. As a result of Ukrainian shelling in the Petrovsky and Budenovsky districts of Donetsk, six civilians were killed, including four emergency medical personnel. Thirteen civilians suffered injuries of varying degrees of severity, including ten employees of the DPR Ministry of Emergency Situations in the Petrovsky district of Donetsk. Twenty-nine houses were damaged in the Voroshilovsky, Petrovsky, Proletarsky and Budenovsky districts of Donetsk, as well as four civilian infrastructure facilities.

– On 26 February 2023, Vasilyevka, Zaporozhye Oblast, was shelled by the AFU. Ten hits were recorded on Vasilyevka Moscow State University College named after Anton Makarenko.

– On 28 February 2023, there were 22 incidents of Ukrainian shelling on the territory of the DPR. 110 munitions were fired from MLRSs and artillery of 155 and 152-mm calibre. In the Petrovsky district of Donetsk, a girl born in 2014 was killed, nine civilians, including a boy born in 2017, suffered injuries of varying degrees of severity. The Petrovsky and Kirovsky districts of Donetsk had to endure multiple strikes from 155-mm artillery. Direct hits on residential houses and the surface of the bridge on Petrovsky Street were recorded: rescue services were working at the site – at that moment the Ukrainian fighters cynically struck again.

– On 7 March 2023, the AFU shelled Donetsk Comprehensive School No. 52.

Eyewitness accounts:

Nikolai Khrupa, a resident of Kuibyshevsky district of Donetsk: "I live in this neighbourhood, I studied at this school. This is school No. 52, I completed eight grades here. It used to be an eight-year school, now it is a ten-year school. Today (7 March 2023) a shell came from there, Pervomaiskoe, Orlovka, Ukrainian Nazis are located there. Plus Karlovka is not far from here, there are Ukranian Nazis there too. Ukrainian Nazis are located there too. The Right Sector, the Azov Battalion, the Tornado, the Dnipro Battalion are also there. They are located there, they are fighting and mercenaries too. Today school No.52 was shelled. Thank God that there are no children studying here. If they were, there would be casualties. It went in right here, but it went out and exploded here. Ukrainian Nazis are war criminals; they shell schools, kindergartens, civilians. Specifically here in Azotnoye, about 25 civilians, plus two children, have been killed during the conflict since 2014. Ukrainian Nazis are shooting, shooting deliberately and committing war crimes. When the war is over, there will be a tribunal. A tribunal is a must! And it must take place here in the Donbas.[36]"

– On 12 March 2023, the shelling of Perevalsk, LPR, with M142 HIMARS MLRS killed three civilians, including a seventeen-year-old teenager, and injured 11 people, including two children. Alchevsk motor station No. 1, two petrol stations, a grocery shop and five cars were damaged. In the shelling of Perevalsk, the Ukrainian military used a missile with a shrapnel-type warhead designed for mass destruction of enemy manpower. The warhead of this missile contains 182,000 destructive elements in the form of tungsten balls. The damage radius of such shrapnel is 120 meters.

– On 13 March 2023, the AFU shelled the town of Volnovakha, DPR, with HIMARS MLRS. Some of the missiles were shot down; one fell in the courtyard near the First Republican Supermarket. A 34-year-old resident of Nikolskoye and her 19-year-old niece were killed. Three residents were injured. The same day, the AFU shelled School No. 58 in Donetsk. Two teachers were injured.

– On 18 March 2023, the AFU struck the Kirovsky district of Donetsk. The shelling killed a teenager and injured several people to varying degrees of severity.

Eyewitness accounts:

Veronika Aleksandrovna Krivoruchko: "Tonight (18 March 2023), shortly after midnight, 25 shells were fired from Krasnogorovka. A school and nearby buildings were damaged, one person, a young man in a car, was killed and a woman was hit by shrapnel. The shelling also damaged neighbouring shops and the glazing of nearby buildings and a kindergarten. The glazing of schools was also heavily shattered. The strike hit at twenty past midnight. My flat is over there, on the second floor (She points up.). I was asleep when I heard a loud bang, like an explosion, and then the windows shattered along with everything else. I was told I was lucky to survive. It was a direct hit. Of course I was shocked. A direct hit between the first and second floors. You can see the fragments on the ground now. The bang was followed by a flash of light. Then the windows shattered and there was smoke, dust, and dirt everywhere. I rushed to the site of the explosion and couldn't concentrate on anything. Then I turned on the light and saw that the balcony was completely gone. It hit right here. One fragment was here, (she points to a spot), and the second was like a "hailstone". You can see the hole over here. I think Ukraine is shelling us, firstly because this neighbourhood is densely populated. And secondly, there is a school and there are kindergartens where people get humanitarian aid. They're trying to destroy all our schools and kindergartens so that we can't go there and we can't take our children there"[37].

– On 27 March 2023, Ukrainian troops fired artillery at Melitopol in the Zaporozhye Oblast. They partially destroyed a building near a multidisciplinary community college on 50 Let Pobedy Street. Four people were injured and several buildings were damaged. According to the emergency services, classes had started at the community college 15 minutes before the shelling, and students were already in their classrooms. The building next to the multidisciplinary community college was partially destroyed and its classrooms damaged. The dormitory building of the Makarenko State University of Melitopol was also damaged. Forty-six people were evacuated. Another building near the multidisciplinary community college on 50 Let Pobedy Street was partially destroyed. Four people were injured and several buildings were damaged.

– On the same day, 27 March 2023, the AFU shelled Kuybyshev Street in Donetsk from HIMARS. The attack injured three people and killed a man and a woman, born in 1960 and 1962 respectively.

– On 6 April 2023, four civilians were killed and five wounded in an attack on Sechkin Street in the Kievsky and Kalininsky districts of Donetsk using US-made M142 HIMARS.

– On 7 April 2023, at around 17:00, the Voroshilovsky district of Donetsk was shelled with 9M22 high-explosive missiles and Slovak-made 122mm JROF-HEAP fragmentation missiles (with 1,050 diamond-shaped fragments). The shelling of the central market in Donetsk resulted in the death of a woman born in 1941. Sixteen civilians, including five women, sustained injuries of varying degrees of severity. The attack destroyed or damaged stalls in the central market and the Don-Mak café on Shevchenko Boulevard, a shopping centre on Chelyuskintsy Street, the Yuzovskaya Brewery café on Artem Street, and residential buildings on 152/2 and 184 Chelyuskintsy Street and on 161 Gorky Street. There was a direct hit on a residential building on 161 Gorky Street. A residential building and cars were damaged on 3 and 15 Shevchenko Boulevard.

– On 16 April 2023, the day of Orthodox Easter, Ukraine fired shells with the inscription "Happy Easter" at Energodar, Zaporozhye Oblast. The AFU fired several 120-mm shells at the city and nearby residential areas. One of the shells did not fully explode. It read "Happy Easter". Later, a video was published on social media showing Ukrainian soldiers loading shells with similar inscriptions.

– On 17 April 2023, the AFU shelled Vasilyevka in the Zaporozhye Oblast with MLRS Grad. The attack damaged the town's district employment centre, a shopping centre, and residential buildings. Five civilians sustained injuries of varying degrees of severity.

– On 28 April 2023, Ukraine fired 16 times at the DPR using MLRS and 155 and 152-mm artillery rounds, totalling 259 assorted munitions. The Ukrainian shelling killed nine civilians, including six women, two men, and an eight-year-old girl. Sixteen people sustained injuries of varying degrees of severity. Ukrainian troops fired from their positions located near Nevelskoye using 9M22 high-explosive missiles and 122-mm JROF-HEAP fragmentation missiles (with 1,050 diamond-shaped fragments). Damage was reported at 26 locations: a direct hit on the Republican Traumatology Centre on Artem Street; a direct hit on the Green Construction of the Kievsky District of the Donetsk Public Utilities Company on Patrioticheskaya Street, the Institute of Economic Research, an administrative building, a shopping centre, a pizza café on Universitetskaya Street, the Tram and Trolleybus Department of the Donelectroavtotrans municipal unitary enterprise of the Donetsk City Administration on Shchors Street, and the facilities of the Olimpiyskiy Republican Sports Complex on Chelyuskintsy Street; a direct hit on a residential building on 10а Titov Avenue, and on 149 Artem Street; a direct hit on residential buildings on 102, 104, 104а, and 147а/g Artem Street, and on 70, 74, 76, and 80 Universitetskaya Street; a direct hit on a residential building on 65 Shchors Street and on 10 Liberation of Donbass Avenue; a direct hit on private residential houses on 33 (destroyed) and 30 Patrioticheskaya Street, and on 32 Kotsyubinsky Street (destroyed); a hit on the Park of Forged Figures on Universitetskaya Street, as well as a vehicle and bus fire on the same street.

– On 28 April 2023, as a result of yet another artillery attack on the centre of Donetsk, a shell fired by Ukrainian troops hit a fixed-route taxi, killing seven people, including a child. Ten other people were injured in the Republican Traumatology Centre located in the area where the shell hit.

– On 3 May 2023, the Moscow Kremlin, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, was attacked by UAVs.

– On 6 May 2023, Ukraine launched a strike on Shebekino, Belgorod Oblast. The AFU shelled the town centre with tube artillery, injuring one man. Two direct hits on a shopping centre and a school were also reported, as well as hits on the facilities of an industrial company.

– On 7 May 2023, the AFU fired at Murom, Shebekino district of the Belgorod Oblast. The strike hit the centre of the settlement. One woman suffered serious injuries to her lower limbs.

– On 9 May 2023, the AFU shelled Kurkovichi, Starodub district of the Bryansk Oblast. One of the shells fired exploded a few metres from a kindergarten. Another shell damaged a children's sports ground.

– On 10 May 2023, Ukrainian troops shelled Stakhanov, LPR, with M142 HIMARS. The attack killed a civilian woman born in 1952, injured three women born in 1944, 1947, and 1953 respectively, partially destroyed three residential buildings, damaged a power line and four cars. It also left 288 local residents without access to gas.

– On 13 May 2023, the AFU shelled the Kuibyshevsky district of Donetsk with MLRS Grad. The shelling killed three civilians, including a child born in 2019. Eleven civilians, including a child born in 2007, sustained injuries of varying severity.

– On the same day, 13 May 2023, Ukraine fired a Storm Shadow cruise missile at Yubileyny, LPR. The attack injured a civilian woman born in 1943, damaged seven residential buildings, 25 garages, 15 cars, and a power line.

– On 17 May 2023, the AFU shelled the following settlements in the Kherson Oblast with tube artillery and MLRS: Golaya Prystan (9 shells), Dnepryany (19 shells), Kardashinka (8 shells), Korsunka (6 shells), Novaya Zburyevka (8 shells), Podstepnoe (5 shells), and Staraya Zburyevka (7 shells). The Ukrainian shelling of Dnepryany caused a fire in a building on 68a Korsunskaya Street. A house of 100 m2 and outbuildings of 100 m2 burnt down.

– On 18 May 2023, the AFU shelled the following settlements in the Kherson Oblast with tube artillery: Alyoshki (9 shells), Kazachyi Lagerya (5 shells), Kairy (6 shells), Korsunka (7 shells), Solontsy (8 shells), and Staraya Zburyevka (7 shells). On the night of 19 May 2023, Ukrainian forces continued shelling civilian infrastructure in Novaya Kakhovka, Kakhovka, Krynki, and Gornostayevka, firing a total of 26 shells.

– On 30 May 2023, several UAVs attacked bedroom communities in Moscow. According to various sources, the strike involved between 8 and 30 UAVs. Fires and damage were reported in several residential buildings. It was a miracle that no civilians were killed in the attack.

– On 31 May 2023, Ukrainian troops fired four shells with US-made M142 HIMARS at Karpaty in the Perevalsky district, LPR. As a result of the attack, five civilians died and 19 sustained injuries of varying degrees of severity.

– On 4 July 2023, the AFU launched an artillery attack on Makeevka, targeting the city's medical facilities. The shelling killed one person, injured 68 people, including three children, and damaged several residential buildings, hospital buildings, a school and a kindergarten.

– On 30 July and 1 August 2023, the Kiev regime imitated the September 11 attacks in the USA by sending its UAVs to crash into the Moscow City skyscraper complex.

– On the night of 4 to 5 August 2023, an unmanned motorboat attacked a sea tanker in the Kerch Strait, blowing a hole near its engine room. It was sheer luck that the tanker was empty and a major environmental disaster was averted.

– On 6 September 2023, Ukrainian missiles fired at a market in Konstantinovka, DPR, killed 16 and injured 33 civilians.

– On the night of 12 October 2023, a Ukrainian UAV crashed into a residential building in Belgorod, completely destroying it. Three people were killed, including a four-year-old girl.

– On 31 October 2023, the AFU launched a missile at a railway station in the Budyonnovsky district of Donetsk, DPR. As a result of the attack, two people died and 15 people sustained injuries of varying degrees of severity.

– On 14 December 2023, the AFU launched a massive attack on Donetsk. Direct hits on residential buildings, the dome of the Holy Transfiguration Cathedral, and buildings of the Donetsk National Technical University were reported. The attack damaged a hospital and a school, killed two civilians, and injured three people, including a child.

– On 15 December 2023, eight people were killed and 23 wounded in an attack on Lantratovka, LPR, using US-made HIMARS.

– On 24 December 2023, the AFU launched a massive attack on Gorlovka in the DPR using tube and rocket artillery. The shelling destroyed the Galaktika shopping centre, where people were present at the time of the attack. One employee and three visitors received injuries of varying degrees of severity.

– On 30 December 2023, Kiev used MLRS and cluster munitions to attack residential areas in Belgorod, deliberately targeting pre-holiday attractions in the city centre, including the New Year's Snow Town, the Christmas tree, and the ice rink. The attack killed 25 people, including 5 children, injured over 100 civilians, and damaged more than 70 residential houses.

– On 2 January 2024, the AFU shelled residential areas of Belgorod with Olkha MLRS and Tochka-U missiles. As a result of the attack, one person was killed and 11 civilians sustained injuries of varying degrees of severity.

– On 6 January 2024, the AFU launched a massive attack on Makeevka in the DPR using Czech-made Vampire MLRS and Slovak-made JROF HEF missiles with striking elements (9,100 shrapnel bullets). The AFU fired at places of mass gatherings, including a grocery store in the Chervonogvardeysky district and a public transport stop. The strike caused the immediate death of three civilians, injured five people, and damaged three residential buildings and five private residential houses. In just one day, the AFU shelled Makeevka more than ten times.

– On 12 January 2024, the AFU twice used UAVs to attack the Nikitovsky district of Gorlovka in the DPR. First, the strike hit the employees of a power company who were repairing an installation, and then the medical staff who had come to help the wounded. The attack killed two women, including a medical worker, and injured eight people, including three ambulance workers.

– On 13 January 2024, the AFU used UAVs to fire at an ambulance in the Kirovsky district of Donetsk that had come to provide medical assistance to a woman injured in an attack. As a result, the ambulance driver was injured.

– On 20 January 2024, the AFU heavily shelled the Tsentralno-Gorodskoy district of Gorlovka in the DPR, firing at least 20 HIMARS missiles and 12 missiles with a cluster warhead. The attack on 12 D Kirov Street killed a man born in 1970 and injured eight people, including a female member of the emergency medical services who had come to help the injured. The shelling also damaged two kindergartens, School No. 8, Gymnasium No. 65, a dormitory and a building of the Gorlovka Municipal Economics College, the Gorlovka Polytechnic No. 37, a building of the Automobile and Road Construction Institute, the City Youth Centre, the Rodina Hotel, a dental clinic, the building of the registry office, the Territorial Centre for Social Services, the building of the Administration of the Tsentralno-Gorodskoy district of Gorlovka, three shops, a heating pipeline, and the overhead power lines of the city's electric transport.

– On 21 January 2024, the AFU shelled a market in the Tekstilshchik microdistrict of Donetsk with 152 and 155-mm tube artillery. As a result of the attack, 28 civilians died and 30 people, including two teenagers, sustained injuries of varying degrees of severity.

– On 29 January 2024, the AFU fired eight MLRS Grad missiles at the Kalininsky district of Donetsk. The main blow fell on the area of the Druzhba Sports Palace. As a result of the attack, three men died and four women sustained injuries of varying degrees of severity. The shelling also damaged the buildings of a medical and sports clinic, the Republican Postgraduate Centre for Health Professionals, the Research and Development Institute for Mining Machinery Automation, eight residential buildings, and two private residential houses.

– On 3 February 2024, Ukrainian nationalists used HIMARS to shell a café that shared space with a bakery in Lisichansk, LPR. The attack killed 29 civilians, including a five-year-old child and a pregnant woman. Two powerful missiles almost completely destroyed the two-storey building.

– On 15 February 2024, the AFU launched an attack on residential areas of Belgorod, firing at least 14 missiles with Czech-made Vampire MLRS. The strike was launched from Liptsy in the Kharkov Oblast. One munition exploded right at the entrance to the Knyaz Vladimir shopping centre, where civilians were present at the time of the attack. Another missile landed on the stadium pitch of School No. 42. As a result of the attack, seven people died from shrapnel injuries, including one infant, and 19 people were injured, including four children. The range of the fragments that were scattered was so wide that they damaged 23 residential buildings, 52 private residential houses, and 90 civilian cars.

– On 17 February 2024, the AFU launched a direct attack on a two-storey residential building in Panteleymonovka, DPR, using US-made HIMARS. The strike almost completely destroyed the building. Four civilians died under the rubble, including a girl born in 2009. Six others were injured, including a girl born in 2013, a boy born in 2015, two women born in 1958 and 1981 respectively, and two men born in 1953 and 1978 respectively.

– On 20 February 2024, the AFU shelled Donetsk with 122-mm rocket and 155-mm tube artillery, firing a total of at least 30 missiles. The attack killed a woman born in 1955 and injured five civilians (a woman born in 1982 and four men born in 1989, 1991, 1952, and 1970 respectively) at the intersection of Panfilov and Universitetskaya Streets in the Kievsky district of Donetsk.

– On 21 February 2024, the AFU shelled the Kalinin Hospital in Donetsk, DPR, injuring two medical workers.

– On 26 February 2024, UAVs attacked a vehicle carrying civilians on the outskirts of Pochaevo in the Graivoron district, Belgorod Oblast. Three people died from wounds caused by the explosion and four people were injured.

– On 6 March 2024, the AFU shelled Kremennaya, LPR, throughout the day using tube artillery. The attack on the town centre killed two civilians (a man born in 1969 and a woman born in 2003) and injured three women born in 1948, 1955, and 2003 respectively. Another munition hit a shop, causing a fire. The shelling also affected the building of a kindergarten.

– On 14 March 2024, the AFU launched a massive attack on Belgorod using a combination of Vampire MLRS, Smerch MLRS, Tochka-U missiles, and UAVs. As a result of the attack, two people were killed and 12 sustained injuries of varying degrees of severity. The munitions exploded near a shopping centre, damaging the facade of the building, civilian cars parked nearby, as well as a public transport stop, a leisure centre, and several residential buildings in the vicinity.

– On 15 March 2024, a Ukrainian missile destroyed a private residential house in the Petrovsky district of Donetsk. The explosion caused a fire that spread over an area of about 100 m2. Emergency workers pulled three dead children from the rubble: two sisters aged 2 and 16, and their ten-year-old brother. The house was completely destroyed.

– On the same day, 15 March 2024, the AFU launched three massive attacks on Belgorod using Czech-made Vampire MLRS. The attack killed one person, injured 11 people, and damaged 216 apartments, 33 residential buildings, 6 private residential houses, 4 social infrastructure facilities, 17 businesses, and 127 civilian cars.

– On 16 March 2024, the AFU shelled Belgorod. As a result of the attack, two civilians died and four people sustained injuries of varying severity. The attack also damaged 22 residential buildings and the facilities of the Novator Manufacturing Plant.

– On 18 March 2024, a missile directly hit a private residential building in Nikolskoe, Belgorod Oblast. The strike killed four people, including a 17-year-old teenager, and injured five people, including two children. The attack damaged 52 private residential houses, smashing windows and cutting roofs and facades, over ten apartments and eight residential buildings, breaking windows and balconies, a school and a kindergarten, shattering windows, as well as 19 cars.

– On 20 March 2024, in the Kherson Oblast, the AFU attacked an ambulance transporting a critically ill child to the hospital using a UAV. As a result of the attack, the ambulance driver was injured. Fortunately, the explosion did not injure the ambulance worker and the child. The health professional eventually carried the child to the hospital.

– On the same day, 20 March 2024, there was a massive MLRS and artillery bombardment of Belgorod that killed one man. He was in his car in a parking lot when it was hit by shrapnel from a shell that exploded nearby. Two people were injured in the attack: a 17-year-old woman suffered a head injury and a man sustained shrapnel wounds to his right upper limb. Residential buildings, shops, a school, and a kindergarten were located near the epicentre of the attack. One of the shells fired by the AFU landed near the kindergarten and got stuck in the asphalt road. Fortunately, it did not explode.

– On 23 March 2024, the shelling by the AFU in Belgorod caused the collapse of three balconies in an apartment building with a married couple inside one of the apartments. The man died from injuries on the spot. The woman was hospitalized with a closed-head injury. Seven more civilians from different parts of the city were injured. Victims had fragment wounds, head injuries, contusions and barotraumas.

– On 25 March 2024, the AFU's air strike damaged a private house in Kakhovka, Kherson Oblast. A four-year-old girl was injured. Doctors did everything possible, but the girl could not be saved, she died in hospital.

– On 27 March 2025, the AFU shelled the city centre of Gorlovka, DPR, using 155-mm artillery shell. One of the shells exploded near a residential building. The fragments killed two civilians (a man and an 80‑year‑old woman) and injured two teenagers born in 2007. As a result of a shelling of a residential building in a private houses block in Gorlovka, a man born in 1947 was injured. Two residential buildings and a boiler house were damaged.

In March 2024, due to timely measures taken, Ukrainian special services failed to carry out a series of multi-stage terrorist attacks in Belgorod immediately in residential buildings and against law enforcement agencies, combined with biased media coverage and the incitement of public fear in order to disrupt the presidential election in the Russian Federation.

At the same time, along the Russian-Ukrainian border near Belgorod, the AFU, with the involvement of militants from terrorist organizations, the Freedom of Russia Legion and Russian Volunteer Corps, made numerous unsuccessful attempts to breach the State border, resulting in the killing of civilians.

– On 7 April 2024, in the Kuibyshev and Kirov Districts of Donetsk, the 155-mm artillery shelling killed two men born in 1945 and 1977.

– On the same day, 7 April 2024, a woman born in 1956 was killed by MLRS fire in the street near her house in the Soviet District of Makeyevka, DPR. Three houses were destroyed.

– On 9 April 2024, the AFU attacked the centre of Klimovo, the Bryansk Oblast, using MLRS. A woman born in 1993 and a twelve-year-old child were killed. Six more civilians were injured. A residential building was destroyed, several civilian cars were damaged.

– Later, on 9 April 2024, the AFU hit an apartment building in Kakhovka, the Kherson Oblast, which caught fire. Three civilians died, one was hospitalised.

– On 10 April 2024, in Apanasovka, the Korenevsky District, the Kursk Oblast, a Ukrainian UAV dropped an explosive device on a civilian car. Three people in the car were killed, including two children.

– On 12 April 2024, in the evening hours, when many residents had returned home, the residential area of Tokmak, the Zaporozhye Oblast, was deliberately hit by a massive shelling attack, which resulted in the death of 16 people, including three children. 28 civilians received injuries of varying degrees of severity. Five houses were partially destroyed and several dozen buildings were disconnected from gas supply. The AFU used US-Swedish small-diameter GLSDB bombs launched from HIMARS to carry out this brutal murder of innocent people.

– On 20 April 2024, a pregnant woman was killed and three civilians were injured as a result of the AFU's shelling in Novaya Tavolzhanka, the Shebekinsky District, Belgorod Oblast. Damage was caused to 12 private houses in that settlement.

– On the night of 10 May 2024, the AFU used long-range MGM ATACMS missiles against an oil depot in Rovenki, the LPR. Fifteen civilians became victims of the attack. Four of them were killed and 11 received injuries of varying severity, including a child. Two of the victims were seriously injured and maimed. Wounds and burns were received not only by employees of the oil depot, but also by the residents of nearby residential buildings.

– On 11 May 2024, the AFU opened heavy fire against civilian infrastructure in Belgorod. At least 12 MLRS shells were launched. Residential buildings in several parts of the city were targeted. One of the shells destroyed one block of a residential building, where a woman was killed by a blast wave and the building ruins. A total of 29 civilians, including a teenage girl, were injured as a result of the attacks in different parts of the city. Ukrainian fighters attacked multi-storey residential buildings, shopping centres, stores and civilian cars parked in courtyards. Four socially important facilities were damaged, including City Hospital No. 2, Children's Regional Clinical Hospital, the "Siren" Artistic Gymnastics Centre, and Secondary General Education School No. 41. Damage was caused to 22 residential buildings.

– On the same day, 11 May 2024, the AFU used high-precision HIMARS missiles with fragmentation warheads to hit the Paradise restaurant in the Kiev District in Donetsk. As a result, the restaurant was completely destroyed, restaurant employees and visitors were trapped under the ruins. Three civilians were killed, including a female restaurant employee and two male guests. Nine other civilians were injured, including a twelve-year-old girl.

– On 12 May 2024, as a result of another heavy shelling of Belgorod by the AFU using the Tochka-U tactical missiles, Olkha and Vampire MLRSs, ten floors (40 apartments) of a residential building at 55 Schorsa St. collapsed. Seventeen people died, including two children, and 19 were injured. A total of 19 people were killed and 27, including a one-and-a-half-month-old baby, were injured after the AFU shelled the city on 12 May 2024.

– On 13 May 2024, private houses in the Petrovsky District of Donetsk was shelled by the AFU using cluster munitions. The explosion killed a married couple – a man born in 1955 and a woman born in 1957. Once more the AFU fighters resorted to the tactic of repeated strikes. This time, a second attack damaged a funeral vehicle that had arrived at the site of the tragedy to transport the dead woman.

– On 16 May 2024, the Petrovsky District of Donetsk was shelled. Artillery shells hit a public transportation stop near School No. 106. The victims of the criminal strike were again only civilians, four women were killed, a six-year-old girl and a man born in 1987 were wounded.

– On 20 May 2024, the AFU struck residential neighbourhoods in Yubileyny, the LPR, with SCALP missiles. As a result of a missile hitting a residential building, a fire started. Five people were injured. Dozens of buildings were damaged.

– On 22 May 2024, the AFU launched a HIMARS MLRS strike against a residential neighbourhood in Lysychansk, the LPR. At least six shells were fired. As a result, a multi-storey residential building was significantly damaged; the upper floor and the end wall of the building were partially destroyed. Two civilians were killed and four wounded, including a nine-year-old girl.

– On 31 May 2024, the AFU again used MLRSs to hit private houses in Staromikhailovka, the DPR. A young family – a husband and his pregnant wife – were in one of them during the attack. The strike was so intensive that there was practically nothing left of the house. The man died instantly, his wife died on the way to the hospital. Also, the shelling in the village harmed three more people, with a woman killed and two men receiving injuries of varying degrees of severity.

– On 7 June 2024, the AFU hit Lugansk using the MGM ATACMS ballistic missiles. The most affected was the Nikolai Vatutin neighbourhood, one of the residential areas of the city with no military facilities. One of the missiles hit an apartment building at 22 Vatutina St. As a result, one block of the building from the fifth to the first floor completely collapsed. Six civilians were killed and seven were rescued from under the ruins. As a result of the missile strike, at least 30 civilian facilities were damaged, including multi-storey residential buildings on Vatutina and Budenniy St., the building of the Lugansk College of Information Technologies and Entrepreneurship, two schools, and three kindergartens. The facade of the School No. 8 building cracked due to the detonation of a shell nearby. A total of 60 civilians were injured as a result of this shelling of Lugansk, including three children aged 8, 15 and 16.

– On the evening of 7 June 2024, Ukrainian fighters launched a HIMARS attack against Sadovoe, the Golopristanskiy Disctrict, Kherson Oblast. The strike destroyed a grocery store, which was full of customers and staff at the time of the attack. A rocket artillery strike killed 22 civilians, 15 people received injuries of varying severity. Two children were among the dead. Most of the injured are in the most critical condition. After the attack, local residents were at the site to assist the injured. And right after the arrival of the emergency services, the AFU fighters made another targeted strike in order to achieve as many casualties as possible.

– On 14 June 2024, the AFU hit a residential building on Zheleznodorozhnaya St., Shebekino, Belgorod Oblast. The attack completely destroyed one block of the building. Five civilians died. Four were saved from under the ruins; one of the victims was taken to hospital, where she died despite all the efforts of by doctors. Six more people were injured.

– On 19 June 2024, the Petrovsky District of Donetsk was under attack. A shell hit the public transportation stop “School No. 106” and injured five people. A man was killed on the spot and three other civilians, including a girl born in 2007, were injured. One of the female victims later died of her injuries at the hospital.

– On 20 June 2024, in Yubileyny, the LPR, the AFU struck a residential area with a French-developed SCALP missile. Several residential buildings were seriously damaged. More than ten civilians were injured.

– On 23 June 2024, the AFU launched a strike against Sevastopol using American MGM ATACMS missiles filled with cluster munitions. The fragments of cluster submunitions injured 153 civilians, including 27 children. Four people died, including two children.

– On 8 July 2024, in Nikolskoye, the Belgorod Oblast, a rocket launched from HIMARS directly against a commercial facility killed two men and injured five civilians. A driver of a car parked nearby was also injured.

– On the same day, 8 July 2024, the building of the Central Hospital in Kremennaya, the LPR, came under the AFU fire. Two civilian men were injured, born in 1976 and 1994. The buildings of the surgical and therapeutic departments were damaged. The roof of a health centre was completely destroyed.

– On 10 July 2024, one civilian was killed and ten people, including a child, were injured after Shebekino, the Belgorod Oblast, was shelled by BM Uragan and artillery. The shell hit a residential building.

– On 11 July 2024, over the past 24 hours, Shebekino, the Belgorod Oblast, has been subject to MLRS and artillery shelling. The attacks injured 12 civilians. Five boys were injured in the courtyard of a residential building, in a playground, where a Ukrainian UAV purposefully dropped a munition.

– On 13 July 2024, eight civilians were injured after Shebekino, the Belgorod Oblast, was shelled by the AFU. Five residential buildings, a social facility and several stores were damaged.

– On 16 July 2024, the AFU artillery shelling of Shebekino, Belgorod Oblast, damaged three residential buildings, a number of gas and electricity supply facilities, civilian vehicles. Three civilians sustained injuries of various degres of severity.

– On 19 July 2024, Shebekino, Belgorod Oblast, was again shelled by the AFU. Three civilians were injured. Reportedly, seven private houses and one residential building were damaged.

– On the same day, 19 July 2024, Kremennaya, LPR, came under the AFU fire. The city was hit by around 25-30 shells, including cluster ones. The attack injured seven civilians. Two people were hospitalised in extremely grave condition. The strikes hit government buildings, stores, residential buildings, and market outlets.

– On 20 July 2024, as a result of shelling by the AFU tube artillery of the Petrovsky District of Donetsk, the buildings of a tennis club and a bus depot were significantly damaged. A woman born in 1973 was seriously injured.

– On the same day, 20 July 2024, the AFU attacked Novaya Kakhovka, as well as Kostogryzovo and Zhelezniy Port, Kherson Oblast, using, inter alia, cluster munitions. Six civilians sustained injuries of various degrees of severity.

– On 21 July 2024, the AFU launched a tube artillery strike against the Nikitovsky District, Gorlovka, DPR. A civilian passenger car came under fire. A married couple died, a woman and a man born in 1969, as well as a woman nearby born in 1947.

It is obvious that such shellings are targeted against the civilian population – the elderly, women and children – which is a clear violation of the norms and principles of international humanitarian law and obvious proof of the terrorist nature of the Kiev regime.

There has been an increase in civilian casualties since the beginning of 2024. This horrific trend is due to the increasing supply of Western weapons to the AFU and their deliberate use in strikes against civilian facilities.

The number of munitions fired by the UAF against civilian facilities in 11 frontline Russian territories is close to 42,000, in other words, that is 230 strikes per day against residential neighbourhoods, hospitals, kindergartens, and other civilian and social infrastructure.

More and more often, the UAF target health care facilities. In April 2024 alone, at least four such facilities were damaged by Ukrainian shelling. On 6 April, the Donetsk clinical hospital No. 21 and the Belgorod children's health care centre No. 4 were damaged; on 15 April 2024, a shell brought fire to the midwifery unit in Murom, the Belgorod Oblast; and, on 18 April, the building of the Gorlovka city hospital No. 2, DPR, was shelled.

Analysis of the damage indicates the deliberate nature of the strikes against health care facilities and violence against medical and rescue workers. Information on Ukraine's violations of international humanitarian law is regularly brought to the attention of relevant international organizations and structures, including the United Nations system.

In February 2024, data about the attacks against medical facilities in the DPR, LPR, the Bryansk, Zaporozhye, and Kherson Oblasts, was submitted to the World Health Organization (WHO) for inclusion in its Surveillance System for Attacks on Health Care. Unfortunately, this information has not been reflected in WHO publications.

Ukrainian armed formations, in violation of all international agreements governing armed conflicts, have been actively using PFM-1 Lepestok anti-personnel mines in attacks against peaceful cities and urban settlements since mid-2022.

Between June 2022 and April 2024, the UAF massively mined the Kirov, Petrov, Kuibyshev, and Kiev Districts of Donetsk, as well as Gorlovka, Makeyevka, Yasinovataya, and Novoluganskoye, etc. More than 110 incidents (2022-54, 2023-52, 2024-5) of civilians being blown up by PFM-1 Lepestok have been recorded. As a result, more than 160 civilians were injured to varying degrees, 6 of them non-life-compatible. The victims include 10 minors.

With the US decision in July 2023 to supply the Kiev regime with cluster munitions, an increase in civilian casualties, including children, from the detonation of previously unexploded foreign-made submunitions has been recorded. In particular, on 18 February 2024, three teenagers born in 2012, 2013 and 2014, were injured as a result of an unexploded cluster submunition in Panteleymonovka, the DPR. As of April 2024, more than 20 people were injured by this type of ammunition in the Kiev, Kirov, and Nikitov Districts in Donetsk, as well as in Gorlovka, Makeyevka, and Panteleymonovka, the DPR.

The Kiev regime is increasingly using UAVs to "hunt" civilians, and the operators of these devices can see in real time who is under attack. In the first half of 2024 alone, such attacks killed 98 civilians, including seven children. A total of 486 civilians, including 17 children, received injuries of varying degrees of severity.

Modern UAVs are constantly being improved, including their hardware, optical surveillance systems for reconnaissance and targeted attacks, which allows to almost completely exclude an accidental attack. At the same time, such devices are equipped with more powerful payloads to cause even more damage. As a result, casualties from such attacks have steadily become more massive and regular.

The most intensive UAV attacks are reported in the Donetsk and Lugansk People's Republics and the Zaporozhye and Kherson Oblasts, as well as other Russian regions bordering Ukraine, primarily the Belgorod, Bryansk and Kursk Oblasts.

Thus, on 6 May 2024, two buses and a passenger car with employees of an agricultural company Agro-Belogore were purposefully attacked near Berezovka, the Borisovsky District, the Belgorod Oblast, by UAVs carrying explosive devices launched from Ukraine. The detonation of the explosive devices killed eight and injured more than 40 civilians.

On 30 May 2024, near Zozuli, the Borisovsky District, the Belgorod Oblast, there was again a targeted bombing of a car with workers of the agricultural enterprise in question. As in the case of the terrorist attack of 6 May 2024, a UAV launched from the territory of Ukraine carrying an explosive device was used as the criminality weapon.

On 8 July 2024, in Rzhevka, the Belgorod Oblast, a company car was attacked by a Ukrainian UAV. The dropped munition injured two employees of the company. The second UAV attacked a private house, the roof was damaged and a car parked nearby was hit by fragments. The third one detonated near the entrance to the grocery store.

The criminal practice of "second strikes," attacking rescue teams that have arrived at the site of an explosion or damage to provide assistance to victims, is increasingly widespread. Such cases were reported in Donetsk and Gorlovka, the DPR, Rovenki and Kremennaya, the LPR, Belgorod, Kursk and some other frontline areas.

Vehicles and other equipment of rescuers, paramedics and public services are also under attack. There have been many cases of stabbing to prevent assistance to victims, resulting in death from injuries.

Fire is directed against the permanent locations of civil service units and humanitarian convoys of the Ministry of Emergency Situations, in particular those delivering water and food to civilians in hard-to-reach areas (such cases were recorded around the towns of Rubezhnoye and Severodonetsk in the LPR, Avdeevka and Artemovsk in the DPR).

– On 1 September 2022, around 4 a.m., in Rubtsy, the Krasny Liman district of the DPR, a group of forces and facilities of the DPR EMERCOM came under targeted artillery fire from the Armed Forces of Ukraine. Thirteen staff members, including medical personnel, died as a result of the shelling, nine more EMERCOM employees sustained injuries of varying severity.

– On 20 October 2022, while eliminating the consequences of the night shelling of Chervony Prapor in the LPR, the AFU launched a second missile attack using American HIMARS MLRS (two M31 GMLRS-type missiles), which killed five and injured nine employees of the LPR EMERCOM and emergency services.

– On 9 June 2023, in the Kherson Oblast, the AFU mortared rescuers, helping civilians after the destruction of the Kakhovka hydroelectric power plant. Miraculously, there were no victims.

– On 6 December 2023, while eliminating the consequences of a shelling by the Armed Forces of Ukraine in Donetsk, two DPR EMERCOM employees were killed and 13 others were injured.

– On 20 March 2024, four employees of the DPR EMERCOM were injured as a result of a UAV dropping an explosive object in the DPR.

– On 4 April 2024, in Novaya Kakhovka, the Kherson Oblast, neo-Nazis dropped an explosive object from a UAV on a repair crew restoring cell phone service. Two workers were killed, one was injured. One of the victims could have survived if the AFU fighters had not obstructed the work of the doctors by attacking the ambulance from a UAV. The victim could not be saved.

– On 19 April 2024, in Kakhovka, the Kherson Oblast, a fire broke out in a private house due to the AFU shelling, a civilian was injured. When the ambulance came to pick up the wounded, Ukrainian fighters opened fire.

– On 27 May 2024, in Livny of the Orlov Oblast, Ukrainian UAVs attacked a civilian gas station and emergency workers who arrived to rescue the victims. As a result of the explosion, the driver of the fire truck was killed and three other rescuers were injured. The AFU fighters used at least five UCAVs of various modifications to commit this crime.

As a result of the AFU strikes on rescuers in the DPR and LPR alone, more than 40 EMERCOM employees have been killed and over 200 have sustained injuries of varying severity since the beginning of the special military operation.

It is clear that Kiev is flagrantly violating of its obligations under a number of international conventions and agreements, in particular: the Geneva Convention relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War (1949) and the 1977 Protocol Additional to the Geneva Conventions of 1949, and relating to the Protection of Victims of International Armed Conflicts (Protocol 1); the 1996 Amended Protocol on Prohibitions or Restrictions on the Use of Mines, Booby-Traps and Other Devices (Protocol II) and the 1980 Protocol on Prohibitions or Restrictions on the Use of Incendiary Weapons (Protocol III) to the Convention on Prohibitions or Restrictions on the Use of Certain Conventional Weapons Which May Be Deemed to Be Excessively Injurious or to have Indiscriminate Effects (1980); the International Convention for the Suppression of Terrorist Bombings (1997); the International Convention for the Suppression of the Financing of Terrorism (1999); the Ottawa Convention on the Prohibition of the Use, Stockpiling, Production and Transfer of Anti-Personnel Mines and on Their Destruction (1997).

Article 33 of the 1949 Geneva Convention relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War prohibits all measures of intimidation or of terrorism. This rule was reaffirmed in the 1977 Additional Protocol (Article 51): acts or threats of violence the primary purpose of which is to spread terror among the civilian population are prohibited.

Thus, even in situations of armed conflict, the international conventions against terrorism continue to apply to acts of terror against civilians.

According to Article 7 of the 1997 International Convention for the Suppression of Terrorist Bombings, States should take measures and exercise jurisdiction over acts of terror using explosive devices targeting infrastructure facilities. Upon receiving information that a person who has committed such offence may be present in its territory, the State Party concerned shall investigate the facts contained in the information. The State Party shall then take the appropriate measures to ensure that person's presence for the purpose of prosecution or extradition.

In the context of Article 2 of the 1999 International Convention for the Suppression of the Financing of Terrorism, any person commits an offence within the meaning of this Convention if that person by any means, directly or indirectly, unlawfully and wilfully, provides or collects funds with the intention that they should be used or in the knowledge that they are to be used, in full or in part, in order to carry out: a) an act which constitutes an offence within the scope of and as defined in one of the treaties listed in the annex (inter alia, the 1997 International Convention for the Suppression of Terrorist Bombings); b) any other act intended to cause death or serious bodily injury to a civilian, or to any other person not taking an active part in the hostilities in a situation of armed conflict, when the purpose of such act, by its nature or context, is to intimidate a population, or to compel a government or an international organization to do or to abstain from doing any act.

6. Ties of Ukraine's military and political leadership with terrorist organizations

Along with the violation of international humanitarian law by Ukrainian armed formations, mercenaries and their sponsors represented by the United States and NATO countries, the military and political leadership of Ukraine is actively using terrorist organizations in its criminal activities.

On 1 March 2022, in accordance with the decree of the President of Ukraine Vladimir Zelensky, the International Defence Legion of Ukraine (IDLU) was created and included in the structure of the AFU. The Legion members are recruited on the basis of nationality and citizenship. The IDLU comprises the following divisions: the Dark Angels (Britains), the Norman brigade (Canadian and US citizens), the Marksman (Georgians), the Kalinovsky regiment and the I. Litvin unit (Belorusians), the Noman Chelebidzhikhan[38] and Crimea battalions (Crimean Tatars), the Freedom of Russia Legion, the Russian Volunteer Corps (Russians, Belarusians), the Dzhokhar Dudayev Battalion and Sheikh Mansur battalions (natives of the North Caucasus), etc.

The first information about a new unit – the Freedom of Russia Legion – within the AFU with the direct participation of the Ukrainian special services, including the main intelligence department of the Ministry of Defence of Ukraine, was posted on the Internet in March 2022.

The Freedom of Russia Legion members are recruited and trained by the Ukrainian special services that also coordinate their activities. Through information resources under control, extremist formations are being announced, anti-Russian propaganda is being conducted, and Russian citizens loyal to the Kiev regime are being recruited. The Freedom of Russia Legion is in fact a mercenary military formation, which since August 2022 has been incorporated in the IDLU of the AFU.

The Freedom of Russia Legion members are mainly Russian citizens and former compatriots who have defected to the Kiev regime, who hold right-wing radical views and advocate a violent change of power in Russia. The AFU leaders use the Freedom of Russia Legion fighters mainly to conduct sabotage and reconnaissance, terrorist, propaganda and other subversive activities against the Russian Federation.

In August 2022, the Russian Volunteer Corps (RVC) armed formation was founded in Ukraine by militants of the Azov terrorist organization and other nationalist units. In November 2022, the Civil Council (a political association of Russian emigrants), as well as regional and national "civil resistance" organizations in Russia, announced recruitment of volunteers for the AFU national units, including the RVC. The Council provides volunteers with equipment and permission to enter Ukraine.

The RVC had the status of a territorial defence unit, then incorporated into the IDLU, with part of its activities being supervised by the Defence Intelligence of the Ministry of Defence of Ukraine.

The unit is widely present on the Internet on all kinds of online platforms, including VK and Telegram, through which it recruits new fighters, which is regularly reported on social media. Preference is given to representatives of far-right Russian organizations that have not taken part in combat operations in the ranks of the Russian Armed Forces, and other Russian security agencies, as well as the people's militias of the DPR and LPR, and pro-Russian volunteer formations. In July 2023, RVC information resources announced the recruitment of volunteers from among Russian POWs.

In an interview with Polskie Radio in February 2023, RVC chief of staff Alexander ("Fortuna") stated that in 2022 the fighters "travelled the entire front" except for the Kharkov direction. The BBC Russian Service also published materials on the actions of the RVC in the Zaporozhye and Donetsk areas in 2022.

In addition, in their interviews with Ukrainian and Western media, RVC fighters claimed that the unit was in the Zaporozhye area from July to November 2022, where they took part in combat operations together with the 98th territorial defence battalion "Azov Dnepr".

RVC and the Freedom of Russia Legion fighters directly participated in the following subversive terrorist acts:

– On 2 March 2023, RVC fighters attacked Lyubechane and Sushany of the Klinovsky district of the Bryansk Oblast. As a result, a private residential house was destroyed and civilian infrastructure was significantly damaged by an explosion in Sushany. One civilian was killed. Near the village of Lyubechane, vehicles of local residents were shot at from automatic weapons, as a result of which the drivers of "Niva", born in 1959, and "VAZ-2107", born in 1966, were killed on the spot, one child (an eleven-year-old boy) was wounded.

– On 6 April 2023, members of the RVC made an unsuccessful raid in the border settlements of Sluchovsk and Zapesochye of the Bryansk Oblast.

– On 22 May 2023, RVC fighters within the units of the Armed Forces of Ukraine (the Freedom of Russia Legion and the Polish Volunteer Corps) in the number of at least 70 people, with fire support from Ukraine, made an unsuccessful attempt to enter the territory of the Grayvoron district of the Belgorod Oblast. The terrorists had at their disposal military equipment, weapons, ammunition, explosive devices, artillery and mortar weapons, MLRS, including those of Western manufacture (International МаххРго armoured personnel carriers and M240 machine guns made in the United States, AT4 anti‑tank grenade launchers made in Sweden). During the terrorist attack, the RVC fighters attacked and shelled civilians and vehicles, seized civilian infrastructure, residential houses and other property of citizens on the territory of Kozinka, Glotovo, Gora-Podol, Zamostye and Grayvoron. As a result, one civilian was killed, 13 were injured, 315 households, 27 civilian infrastructure facilities, and 45 vehicles were damaged.

On 1-5 June 2023, the RVC, supported by the AFU, the Freedom of Russia Legion and the Polish Volunteer Corps, attacked the Shebekinsky district of the Belgorod Oblast.

The Ukrainian military-political leadership is actively recruiting natives of the North Caucasus republics to participate in combat operations against the Russian Armed Forces as part of IDLU units.

In particular, in March 2014, a battalion named after Dzhokhar Dudayev was created to participate in the armed conflict in southeastern Ukraine. Members of the formation operated in the Kharkov and Donetsk areas. Currently, the battalion under the direct leadership of Adam Osmayev is engaged in combat operations against the Russian Armed Forces in the Soledar-Artemovsk section of the line of contact.

Battalion personnel are usually employed to carry out sabotage and reconnaissance missions behind the lines of the Russian Armed Forces, carry out punitive actions against pro-Russian locals, and "clean up" captured settlements. Some fighters are employed as instructors to train reservists at field training centres.

In October 2014, the Sheikh Mansour "peacekeeping" battalion (SMB) was formed. The main personnel of the SMB are former fighters of the illegal armed groups of the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria and radical Islamists with experience of fighting against the government forces of the Syrian Arab Republic (Syria).

During the special military operation, the battalion takes part in combat operations against the Russian Armed Forces on the side of the AFU.

From February to June 2022, the SMB was involved in the defence of Kiev. In July 2022-June 2023 it took part in battles in Donetsk, the Zaporozhye and Kherson areas.

In 2022, it was joined, in particular, by Syrian fighters in order to subsequently apply the experience gained in Ukraine in battles against the government forces in Syria. About 60 ISIS fighters between the ages of 20 and 25 were reportedly released from Syrian Kurdish-controlled prisons in April 2022 with the participation of US intelligence agencies. They were then transferred to the area of the US military base Al-Tanf, located in Syria near the border with Jordan and Iraq, to undergo combat training for subsequent transfer to the Ukrainian territory.

This military base and its environs have long ago become a kind of terrorist "hub", where up to 500 loyalists of the Washington-aligned ISIS and other jihadists are being "retrained" at the same time. Priority is given to natives of the Transcaucasian and Central Asian states. The special detachments formed from them are mainly aimed at carrying out sabotage and terrorist actions against units of the Russian Armed Forces, including in Ukraine.

The main motives for the participation of mercenaries in combat operations on the side of the AFU are monetary payments, adherence to nationalist and Russophobic views, and the possibility of legalization, despite the involvement of some of them in international terrorist organizations.

Financial support for the numerous armed formations operating in Ukraine as part of the AFU is mainly provided by the Main Intelligence Directorate of the Ministry of Defence of Ukraine, as well as numerous charitable foundations established in Europe to assist the Kiev regime, Western non-governmental organizations and private donations from representatives of ethnic diasporas. Accounts in Ukrainian banks, e-wallets of cryptocurrency payment systems are mainly used for transactions.

It is noteworthy that the Ukrainian authorities have simplified the conditions for the stay of foreign mercenaries in the country, adopted a number of legislative acts that allow for the prompt "employment" of such persons, provide them with a wide range of social guarantees and benefits, including citizenship under a simplified procedure.

The head of the State Migration Service of Ukraine, Natalia Naumenko said in an interview published on the website of the Ukrainian Interior Ministry: "Regarding volunteers from other countries, the activities of volunteer formations, which have become military formations within the Ministry of Defence and the Ministry of Internal Affairs, are regulated by law. This allowed foreigners to enter into contracts with the Armed Forces and obtain a certain legal status. Migrants have simplified their stay in Ukraine as much as possible. That is, foreign citizens who concluded a contract with the Armed Forces of Ukraine were extended the period of stay on the territory of our country, if it had already expired. In addition, they freed them from the need to issue temporary residence permits."

On the side of Ukraine's neo-Nazis are no less radical Islamists from terrorist organizations banned in Russia: ISIS, al-Qaeda, and the Caucasus Emirate[39]. On 31 July 2022, a separate special-purpose battalion of the armed forces of the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria was created by the so-called head of the Ichkerian government Akhmed Zakayev, Chechen fighters Hussein Dzhambetov and Akhmad Alviev, who had previously fought in Ukraine, and the "consul" of the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria in Ukraine Yuri Shulipa.

The formation was included in the IDLU. At the same time, during one of the interviews, Akhmed Zakayev described the battalion as a unit of the Main Intelligence Directorate of the Ministry of Defence of Ukraine. Hadji-Murad Zumso, who had served under contract in the UAF, was appointed commander of the battalion, Rustam Azhiev became his deputy (Abdul-Hakim al-Shishani); leader of the rebel group Ajnad al-Kavkaz in Syria which was part of the Jabhat Fatah al-Sham (al-Qaeda affiliate in Syria).

After Syria, Rustam Azhiev lived in Turkey and was recruited through the British security services to create a combat unit in Ukraine, which is confirmed by Joanna Parashchuk, an analyst with the British IHS Janes Centre: "Yes, the information that Abdul-Hakim is in Ukraine is accurate," she told British media. In addition, Akhmed Zakayev published a video clip showing himself and "Abdul-Hakim al-Shishani". According to Akhmed Zakayev, the video was filmed during his meeting with fighters of the detachment in Ukraine. There are reports that Vladimir Zelensky gave "Abdul-Hakim al-Shishani" Ukrainian citizenship.

It is noteworthy that by Akhmed Zakayev's decision in April 2023, Vladimir Zelensky was "awarded" the Dzhokhar Dudayev Order and the Order of Honor of the Nation of the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria.

On 2 April 2024, a conference titled "Assembly of Peoples of the Caucasus" led by Ruslan Kutayev was held in Kiev with the participation of the deputies of the Verkhovnaya Rada of Ukraine, as well as Akhmed Zakayev, Akhmad Akhmedov (Congress of the Peoples of Dagestan), K. Basilia (Assembly of Peoples of Georgia), and commanders of nationalist battalions. Requests to Vladimir Zelensky to recognize independence and sovereignty of the "Free Dagestan and Chechnya" were initiated, and calls were issued to take part in combat operations on the side of the AFU and to provide the resource support to the nationalist battalions.

Today, the common goal of neo-Nazis and jihadists is obvious – it is the cultivation of world terrorism based on hatred for Russia and Russians. These people torture prisoners, bomb and terrorize the civilian population, and commit terrible war crimes. They are everywhere, wherever there is any possibility for manifestation of the lowest human qualities and misanthropy. These are the people to whom the so-called collective West pumps money and weapons to achieve its goals.

According to the investigative bodies of the Russian Federation, the funds for the terrorist attacks on Russian territory came through commercial companies, including Burisma, an oil and gas company operating in Ukraine. It is noteworthy that Hunter Biden, a son of the then US Vice President Joe Biden, was appointed to Burisma's board of directors in 2014 just at that time when his father was in charge for engagement with Ukraine in the administration of US President Barack Obama.

The Federal Financial Monitoring Service of the Russian Federation in accordance with the provisions of Federal Law No. 115-FZ on Countering the Legalization of Illegal Earnings (Money Laundering) and the Financing of Terrorism of 7 August 2001 forms the List of organizations and individuals for whom there is information about their involvement in extremist activities or terrorism, including 234 Ukrainian citizens who have already been included in the List since the beginning of the SMO.

7. Several examples of comments and statements by Ukrainian officials confirming the terrorist nature of the Kiev regime

Noteworthy are the statements of Ukraine's military and political leadership in media space. These are just a few of them that allow us to build a picture of the true nature of the current Ukrainian agenda.

12 March 2022. Dmitry Kuleba, Minister of Foreign Affairs: "The elimination of the President of the Russian Federation would be sufficient to end the war in Ukraine" (during the Renew Democracy Initiative).

27 April 2022. Mikhail Podolyak, Advisor to the Head of the Office of the President and a member of the Ukrainian delegation in talks with Russia: "The intensity of the war is very high. We do not see its end a little. Such an intensity of the conflict will certainly be reflected in the border regions of the Russian Federation. Panic moods will grow rapidly there. Warehouses will explode there. The intensity of "demilitarization" of the border regions of the Russian Federation will increase" (Interfax-Ukraine).

13 December 2022. Alexei Danilov, Secretary of the National Security and Defence Council: "Everything will burn until the entire Moscow burns down" (interview to 1+1 TV channel).

7 February 2023. Alexei Danilov, Secretary of the National Security and Defence Council of Ukraine: "Regarding Russian territory, nobody prohibits us to destroy targets with weapons produced in Ukraine. Do we have such weapons? Yes, we do" (interview with CNN).

8 July 2023. Anna Maliar, Deputy Minister of Defence, in her Telegram channel: "273 days ago, (we) launched the first strike on the Crimean Bridge to disrupt Russian logistics."

14 July 2023. Valery Zaluzhniy, Commander-in-chief of the Ukrainian Armed Forces: "This is our problem, and it is up to us to decide how to kill this enemy. It is possible and necessary to kill on his territory in a war. If our partners are afraid to use their weapons, we will kill with our own. But only as much as is necessary" (interview with The Washington Post).

21 July 2023. Vladimir Zelensky: "The objective is to reclaim all of Crimea, because it is our sovereign territory. The Crimean Bridge is not just a logistical road. This is the road used to feed the war with ammunition, and this has been done on a daily basis. It militarizes is the Crimean peninsula… For us, this is understandably an enemy facility built outside the laws, outside the international laws and all applicable norms. So, understandably, this is a target for us" (Interfax-Ukraine).

26 July 2023. Vasiliy Malyuk, Head of the Security Service, publicly acknowledged Kiev's involvement in the terrorist attack on the Crimean Bridge, saying: "It is one of our actions, namely the destruction of the Crimean Bridge on 8 October last year."

5 August 2023. Alexei Danilov, Secretary of the National Security and Defence Council: "Russian targets are the best testing ground for Ukrainian weapons and their advertising on the world arms market" (Interfax-Ukraine);

18 August 2023. Vasiliy Malyuk, Head of the Security Service of Ukraine, revealed details of the terrorist attack on the Crimean Bridge: "I personally and two of my trusted employees were engaged in the development and implementation of the special operation with the Bridge."

28 August 2023. Mikhail Podolyak, Advisor to the Head of the Office of the President of Ukraine: "There is already an absolute consensus today that we can destroy everything Russian, for example, in Crimea" (Gazeta.ru).

8 September 2023. Kirill Budanov, Chief of the Main Directorate of Intelligence of the Ukrainian Ministry of Defence: "We have been killing Russians and we will keep killing Russians anywhere on the face of this world until the complete victory of Ukraine" (interview with Yahoo News).

29 December 2023. Vladimir Zelensky: "We will continue to <...> work towards pushing the war back to this human scum where it came from – home to Russia" (website of the President of Ukraine).

24 February 2024. Vladimir Zelensky, speaking at the G7 virtual summit: "For two years of cooperation and unity with you, dear friends, and with all our close friends, with our partners, we have implemented many common tasks, we have managed to renew our Ukrainian defence-industrial complex and we are reaching a level of production of our own weapons that allows us to bring this war of Putin back home to Russia" (Interfax-Ukraine).

26 February 2024. Kirill Budanov, Chief of the Main Directorate of Intelligence of the Ukrainian Ministry of Defence: "I would not recommend civilians to use the so-called Crimean Bridge" (Telegram message).

25 March 2024. Vasiliy Malyuk, Head of the Security Service of Ukraine, revealed details of the assassination attempts on Vladlen Tatarsky, Zakhar Prilepin, Ilya Kiva and others on the air of the United News Telemarathon, hinting at his agency's involvement in these crimes. He also noted: "Officially, we will not admit to this. But at the same time, I can offer some details."

27 March 2024. Vladimir Zelensky (in an interview with CBS News): "We don't need to change his [Vladimir Putin's] opinion. We need to change him. We need to replace him."

8. Conclusion

The report above systematizes detailed information on numerous terrorist crimes committed by the Kiev regime between the beginning of 2022 and the first half of 2024. The document clearly describes the situation that has developed in Europe over the past two years and that goes beyond the current international legal framework, where the military and political leadership of one European country is blatantly using terrorist methods as a tool to influence a neighbouring State.

Kiev, apparently having finally realized that Russia cannot be defeated on the battlefield, is deliberately striking civilian targets in an attempt to cause maximum public impact and to create a climate of mass fear and panic in Russian society. The danger of such totally unacceptable actions from a legal and moral point of view is multiplied given that the perpetrators are not anonymous terrorists but rather regular AFU units.

The fact that the Kiev regime relies on the comprehensive support of its Western mentors in carrying out its terrorist attacks against Russian civilian targets makes Washington and its satellites complicit. The suppression by the leading Western media of information about the disgusting terrorist crimes committed by Kiev and the attempts by United States and European officials to justify the barbaric actions of their Ukrainian wards only confirms the application of double standards in the West in the area of counter-terrorism.

Providing Kiev with military and technical assistance, supplying it with intelligence data and disregarding the obvious facts of its connection with international criminal and terrorist organizations clearly contradict the commitment declared by Western countries on international platforms, including the United Nations and the OSCE, to international obligations to prevent States from any support and encouragement of terrorism, incitement and justification of terrorist activities.

Unfortunately, we are forced to note that the Ukrainian military and political leadership continues to increase the intensity of its terrorist activity. The overwhelming majority of the weapons used by the Ukrainian armed forces to attack civilians are western-made. Having received authorization from their mentors, the AFU significantly intensified attacks on Russian regions with HIMARS MLRS and US-made MGM ATACMS ballistic missiles. The increased destructive power of these weapons has led to a dramatic increase in civilian victims in the shelled regions.

For example, on 23 June 2024, the AFU attacked Sevastopol using US MGM ATACMS equipped with cluster warheads. As a result of fragment dispersion of cluster submunitions, 153 civilians were injured, including 27 children. Four people were killed, including two children, a three-year-old and a nine-year-old girls. All the victims were either peaceful civilians relaxing on the beach with their families, or those who happened to be in the nearby territory

Just in a week, from 17 to 23 June 2024, 230 Russian civilians suffered from shelling by Ukraine: 213 people were injured, including 30 minors, and 17 people were killed, including two children.

The terrorist attack by the Ukrainian armed forces in August 2024 on the border territories of the Kursk Oblast, which targeted numerous civilians, including children, stands alone in the series of Kiev's barbaric crimes. Civilian infrastructure, including the St Nicholas Belogorsky Monastery, was destroyed and damaged, and more than 120,000 people were forced to leave their homes and property.

Along with the large-scale terror organized near the Kursk border, on 11 August 2024, the AFU once again attacked the Zaporozhye nuclear power plant, using UAVs, resulting in a fire and damage to the physical integrity of the plant, which is regarded by experts as an unprecedented threat to nuclear safety. The corresponding risks and the magnitude of possible consequences have yet to be assessed by experts.

It is clear that a large-scale terrorist war has been launched by the Ukrainian authorities against our country and its citizens.

The use of terror methods by Kiev is absolutely unacceptable, and Russia will continue combating this by all available means, including legal ones. These efforts will only intensify. Our country faces the task of revealing the crimes of the Kiev regime, bringing its leaders and associates to international responsibility, and stigmatizing them indelibly as terrorists and accomplices of terrorism, thereby leaving them forever outside the legal framework.

The Russian competent authorities are recording all terrorist activities committed by the Kiev regime and are identifying not only individuals involved in committing the aforementioned terrorist acts, but also those involved in their organization, planning and financing. Russia is committed to the principle of inevitability of punishment for these crimes, and all those responsible will inevitably receive just punishment.

As of April 2024, more than 45,000 criminal cases have been initiated in the Russian Federation for crimes committed by Ukrainian fighters and their political leaders, including more than 2,800 for shelling the territories of the DPR, the LPR, as well as the Zaporozhye and Kherson Oblasts. A total of 980 people, including members of Ukraine's military and political leadership, are under criminal prosecution. Investigations have been completed in 290 criminal cases against 430 persons who took part in hostilities on the Ukrainian side, including: Azov terrorist organization – 131 people; marines – 132 people; National Guard – 12 people; other AFU units – 144 people; and mercenary units – 11 people.

The cases opened since 2014 are still under investigation. More than 120,000 residents of Donbass, including 24,000 children, have been recognized as victims.

As of 1 June 2024, 296 criminal cases against 458 Ukrainian fighters were brought to court. As a result of court proceedings, 250 verdicts were passed with 32 of them providing for life imprisonment. In addition, more than 590 foreign citizens from 46 countries who took part in hostilities on the side of the AFU are facing criminal prosecution.

The facts included in this document, in other reports by the Russian Ministry of Foreign Affairs such as the Report on the Illegal actions by the Kiev regime targeting the Ukrainian Orthodox Church (UOC), its clergy and parishioner (July 2023), the Report on the Situation with the Glorification of Nazism and the Spread of Neo-Nazism and Other Practices that Contribute to Fuelling Contemporary Forms of Racism, Racial Discrimination, Xenophobia and Related Intolerance (November 2023), the Report on the Human Rights Situation in Ukraine (May 2024), as well as the final report of the Parliamentary Commission on Investigation of the Crimes Committed by the Kiev regime Against Minors (June 2024) are incontrovertible evidence of the inhuman nature of the Kiev neo-Nazi junta.

The relevant Russian agencies will continue their systematic work to counter these threats, the investigative authorities will continue to collect and record evidence in order to bring the perpetrators, organizers and sponsors of these crimes to justice, and the Russian Ministry of Foreign Affairs will continue to bring to the attention of the wider international community the facts that reveal the true face of the current Ukrainian authorities and those in the West who are behind them.

[1] Recognized as a terrorist organization by decision of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation No. AKPI21-1059C of 2 February 2022 (came into force on 11 March 2022).

[2] Maniacs. Murder Cult international movement (other names used are Maniacs Murder Cult, Youth that Smiles, MMC). Recognized as a terrorist organization by decision of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation No. AKPI-22-1227C of 16 January 2023 (came into force on 21 February 2023).

[3] Recognized as a terrorist organization by decision of the Second Western District Military Court No. 2‑255/2023 of 16 November 2023 (came into force on 2 December 2023).

[4] Recognized as a terrorist organization by decision of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation No. AKPI23-101C of 16 March 2023 (came into force on 25 April 2023).

[5] "Islamic State" (also known as the "Islamic State of Iraq and Syria", "Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant", "Islamic State of Iraq and Sham") was recognized as terrorist organization by Supreme Court of the Russian Federation decision No.AKPI 14-1424S dated 29.12.2014 (came into force on 13.02.2015).

[6] Non-profit organization Anti-Corruption Foundation. The activities of this organization are prohibited by a Moscow City Court decision dated 06/09/2021 (information published on: 08/06/2021).

[7] On 21 February 2018, two months after it became operative, the MBK Media website (http://mbk.media/) was blocked by Roskomnadzor at the request of the Russian Federation Prosecutor General’s Office.

[8] https://www.nytimes.com/2024/02/25/world/europe/cia-ukraine-intelligence-russia-war.html.

[9] Data as of April 2024.

[10] Data as of April 2024.

[11] As of August 2024.

[12] As of June 2024.

[13] Data as of July 2024.

[14] Https://tass.ru/mezhdunarodnaya-panorama/14897985

[15] Maxim Grigoriev, Dmitry Sablin, Ukrainskiye prestupleniya protiv chelovechnosti (2022–2023) [Ukraine’s crimes against humanity. (2022–2023).] Moscow: Mezhdunarodnyye otnosheniya [International Relations], 2023. – p. 325.

[16] Maxim Grigoriev, Dmitry Sablin, Ukrainskiye prestupleniya protiv chelovechnosti (2022–2023) [Ukraine’s crimes against humanity. (2022–2023).] Moscow: Mezhdunarodnyye otnosheniya [International Relations], 2023. – p. 326.

[17] Maxim Grigoriev, Dmitry Sablin, Ukrainskiye prestupleniya protiv chelovechnosti (2022–2023) [Ukraine’s crimes against humanity. (2022–2023).] Moscow: Mezhdunarodnyye otnosheniya [International Relations], 2023. – p. 325.

[18] Maxim Grigoriev, Dmitry Sablin, Ukrainskiye prestupleniya protiv chelovechnosti (2022–2023) [Ukraine’s crimes against humanity. (2022–2023).] Moscow: Mezhdunarodnyye otnosheniya [International Relations], 2023. – p. 321.

[19] Maxim Grigoriev, Dmitry Sablin, Ukrainskiye prestupleniya protiv chelovechnosti (2022–2023) [Ukraine’s crimes against humanity. (2022–2023).] Moscow: Mezhdunarodnyye otnosheniya [International Relations], 2023. – p. 319.

[20] Maxim Grigoriev, Dmitry Sablin, Ukrainskiye prestupleniya protiv chelovechnosti (2022–2023) [Ukraine’s crimes against humanity. (2022–2023).] Moscow: Mezhdunarodnyye otnosheniya [International Relations], 2023. – pp. 317-318.

[21] Maxim Grigoriev, Dmitry Sablin, Ukrainskiye prestupleniya protiv chelovechnosti (2022–2023) [Ukraine’s crimes against humanity. (2022–2023).] Moscow: Mezhdunarodnyye otnosheniya [International Relations], 2023. – pp. 314-315.

[22] Maxim Grigoriev, Dmitry Sablin, Ukrainskiye prestupleniya protiv chelovechnosti (2022–2023) [Ukraine’s crimes against humanity. (2022–2023).] Moscow: Mezhdunarodnyye otnosheniya [International Relations], 2023. – p. 303.

23Maxim Grigoriev, Dmitry Sablin, Ukrainskiye prestupleniya protiv chelovechnosti (2022–2023) [Ukraine’s crimes against humanity. (2022–2023).] Moscow: Mezhdunarodnyye otnosheniya [International Relations], 2023. – p. 301.

[24] Maxim Grigoriev, Dmitry Sablin, Ukrainskiye prestupleniya protiv chelovechnosti (2022–2023) [Ukraine’s crimes against humanity. (2022–2023).] Moscow: Mezhdunarodnyye otnosheniya [International Relations] 2023. – p. 301.

[25] Maxim Grigoriev, Dmitry Sablin, Ukrainskiye prestupleniya protiv chelovechnosti (2022–2023) [Ukraine’s crimes against humanity. (2022–2023).] Moscow: Mezhdunarodnyye otnosheniya [International Relations], 2023. – p. 299.

[26] Maxim Grigoriev, Dmitry Sablin, Ukrainskiye prestupleniya protiv chelovechnosti (2022–2023) [Ukraine’s crimes against humanity. (2022–2023).] Moscow: Mezhdunarodnyye otnosheniya [International Relations], 2023. – p. 296.

[27] Maxim Grigoriev, Dmitry Sablin, Ukrainskiye prestupleniya protiv chelovechnosti (2022–2023) [Ukraine’s crimes against humanity. (2022–2023).] Moscow: Mezhdunarodnyye otnosheniya [International Relations], 2023. – p. 292.

[28] Maxim Grigoriev, Dmitry Sablin, Ukrainskiye prestupleniya protiv chelovechnosti (2022–2023) [Ukraine’s crimes against humanity. (2022–2023).] Moscow: Mezhdunarodnyye otnosheniya [International Relations], 2023. – pp. 290-291.

[29] Maxim Grigoriev, Dmitry Sablin, Ukrainskiye prestupleniya protiv chelovechnosti (2022–2023) [Ukraine’s crimes against humanity. (2022–2023).] Moscow: Mezhdunarodnyye otnosheniya [International Relations], 2023. – p. 275.

[30] Maxim Grigoriev, Dmitry Sablin, Ukrainskiye prestupleniya protiv chelovechnosti (2022–2023) [Ukraine’s crimes against humanity. (2022–2023).] Moscow: Mezhdunarodnyye otnosheniya [International Relations], 2023. – p. 276.

[31] Maxim Grigoriev, Dmitry Sablin, Ukrainskiye prestupleniya protiv chelovechnosti (2022–2023) [Ukraine’s crimes against humanity. (2022–2023).] Moscow: Mezhdunarodnyye otnosheniya [International Relations], 2023. – p. 276.

[32] Maxim Grigoriev, Dmitry Sablin, Ukrainskiye prestupleniya protiv chelovechnosti (2022–2023) [Ukraine’s crimes against humanity. (2022–2023).] Moscow: Mezhdunarodnyye otnosheniya [International Relations], 2023, pp. 274-275.

[33] Maxim Grigoriev, Dmitry Sablin, Ukrainskiye prestupleniya protiv chelovechnosti (2022–2023) [Ukraine’s crimes against humanity. (2022–2023).] Moscow: Mezhdunarodnyye otnosheniya [International Relations], 2023, pp. 164-165.

[34] Maxim Grigoriev, Dmitry Sablin, Ukrainskiye prestupleniya protiv chelovechnosti (2022–2023) [Ukraine’s crimes against humanity. (2022–2023).] Moscow: Mezhdunarodnyye otnosheniya [International Relations], 2023, p. 259.

[35] Maxim Grigoriev, Dmitry Sablin, Ukrainskiye prestupleniya protiv chelovechnosti (2022–2023) [Ukraine’s crimes against humanity. (2022–2023).] Moscow: Mezhdunarodnyye otnosheniya [International Relations], 2023, pp. 257-258.

[36] Maxim Grigoriev, Dmitry Sablin, Ukrainskiye prestupleniya protiv chelovechnosti (2022–2023) [Ukraine’s crimes against humanity. (2022–2023).] Moscow: Mezhdunarodnyye otnosheniya [International Relations],, pp. 256-257.

[37] Maxim Grigoriev, Dmitry Sablin, Ukrainskiye prestupleniya protiv chelovechnosti (2022–2023) [Ukraine’s crimes against humanity. (2022–2023).] Moscow: Mezhdunarodnyye otnosheniya [International Relations], 2023. P. 252.

[38] The Crimean Tatar volunteer battalion named after Noman Chelebidzhikhan. The organization was recognized as a terrorist one by Decision of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation No. AKPI22-303S of 01.06.2022 (entered into force on 5 July 2022).

[39] The organization was recognized as a terrorist organization by the Decision of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation No. GKPI 09-1715 of 08.02.2010 (entered into force on 24 February 2010).

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